Effect Of Different Rootstock-Scion Combination On Growth And Fruit Quality Of Wine Grapes In Desert Area

Using2years old ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’,‘Cabernet Sauvignon/Beta’,‘Merlot/5BB’,‘Merlot/Beta’,‘Vidal/Beta’,‘Italian Riesling/Beta’ and ‘Chardonnay/Beta’ grafted grapes and‘Cabernet Sauvignon’,‘Merlot’,‘Vidal’,‘Italian Riesling’,‘Chardonnay’,‘5BB’ and ‘Beta’own-rooted grapes as materials, grape growth, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, fruit qualityand root distribution were determined to make sure which wine grape rootstock-scion combinationwas most suitable for Jiayuguan desert area. The main results of this test are as follows:1. Scions grafted on ‘Beta’ rootstock, their internode length are significant shorter thanown-rooted grape, moreover, plant height and new shoot length are shorted; while grafted on‘5BB’ rootstock, internode length is significant longger than own-rooted grape, plant height andnew shoot length of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’ are significant longger than own-rooted grape.‘5BB’ rootstock promoted scion growth, while ‘Beta’ inhibited plant growth.2. Light trapping efficiency and energy conversion efficiency of ‘Melot’ which grafted on‘5BB’ rootstock are significant higher than own-rooted grape, NPQ is signifcant lower thanown-rooted grape, the ability of protecting photosystem is weaker than own-rooted grape. Grapesgrafted on ‘Beta’ rootstck, such as ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/Beta’,‘Vidal/Beta’,‘Chardonnay/Beta’,light trapping efficiency and energy conversion efficiency are significant lower than own-rootedgrapes, NPQ is signifcant higher than own-rooted grapes, the ability of protecting photosystem isstronger than own-rooted grape. Grape who has a higher light trapping efficiency and energyconversion efficiency, on the contrary, has a lower ability of protecting photosystem.3. Fruit reducibility vitmit c content is significant increased when grafted on ‘5BB’ rootstock,titratable acid and tannin content of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’ are significant higher than‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ own-rooted grape; per berry weight is significant improved when grafted on‘Beta’ rootstock, while titratable acid and tannin content are lower than own-rooted grape, theyhave a poor quality to make wine.‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’,‘Melot/5BB’,‘Vidal’,‘ItalianRiesling/Beta’, their fruits have a good quality for making wine.4. Roots horizontal distribution of grafted on ‘5BB’ rootstock grapes are wider thanown-rooted grapes, the number of roots are still large within30~40cm horizontal distance, however, root vertical distribution is not so deep as grapes who grafted on ‘Beta’ rootstock andown-rooted grapes. As to grapes grafted on ‘Beta’ rootstock and own-rooted grapes, there’s nosignificant difference on horizontal distribution, the vertical distribution of grafted grapes aredeeper than own-rooted grapes. Total root nunmber of grafted on ‘5BB’ rootstock is significantlarger than on ‘Beta’ rootstock and own-rooted grapes. Total root nunmber of ‘Melot/Beta’ issignificant larger than‘Melot’ own-rooted grape, while it is less on ‘Chardonnay/Beta’ than on‘Chardonnay’ own-rooted grape.‘Beta’ is deep-rooted rootstock, while ‘5BB’ rootstock horizontaldistribution is more wider and its root grow well;‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’,‘Merlot/5BB’,‘Merlot/Beta’,‘Vidal’,‘Italian Riesling/Beta’ root grow well.5. grapes grafted on ‘5BB’ rootstock, the main root branch angle is large, horizontaldistribution is wide, while grafted on ‘Beta’ rootstock it is small, and horizontal distribution isnarrow. Scanned total root length and root surface area of grapes grafted on ‘5BB’ rootstock aresignificant larger than own-rooted grapes; total root length of ‘Melot/Beta’ is significant largerthan own-rooted grape; total root length, root surface area and root volume of ‘ItalianRiesling/Beta’ are significant larger than ‘Italian Riesling’; total root length and root surface areaof ‘Chardonnay/Beta’ are significant smaller than ‘Chardonnay’ own-rooted grape.6. In consideration of the cost of production and income,‘Cabernet Sauvignon/Beta’ and‘Chardonnay/Beta’ grafted grapes are not suitable for this region to cultivate, while ‘CabernetSauvignon/5BB’,‘Merlot/5BB’,‘Merlot/Beta’ and ‘Italian Riesling/Beta’ grafted grapes have apromotion value in this area.