Effects Of Different Grape Rootstock-spike Combinations On Growth And Fruit Quality

Xinjiang as the largest grape producing area in China,has unique light and temperature conditions for cultivating grapes.The sunshine time and frost-free period are long,and the temperature difference is large.It is suitable for the growth and development of grapes.However,Xinjiang is located in the arid area of northwest China,which is a temperate continental climate.It is dry and rainy in summer and cold in winter,which has a great challenge to the growth of grapes.Studies have shown that rootstock grafting can effectively improve the resistance and quality of grape.Were used as materials to establish rootstock-scion combinations by grafting with several cold-resistant,drought-resistant and salt-tolerant rootstocks.Through investigation,comparison,analysis and evaluation of leaf phenotype,leaf photosynthetic performance,chlorophyll content,chlorophyll fluorescence performance,fruit quality and other indicators,excellent rootstock-spike combination was finally screened.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In terms of leaf phenotype: the leaf length,leaf width,single leaf weight and petiole length of‘Cresson Seedless/101-14MG’ were 4.29%,5.57%,6.46% and 3.52% higher than those of ‘Cresson Seedless/Beta’,respectively.‘Flame Seedless/5BB’ was better than ‘Flame Seedless/101-14MG’ in leaf width,leaf area and single leaf weight,which increased by 2.10%,5.47% and 20.33%,respectively.‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’ was larger than ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG’ in leaf width and specific leaf weight,which increased by 35.28% and 20.38%,respectively.(2)From the perspective of light response: ‘Cresson Seedless/Beta’ has advantages over ‘Cresson Seedless/101-14MG’ in saturated light intensity,intrinsic quantum efficiency and apparent quantum yield,which are increased by 79.37%,6.42% and 17.68%,respectively.‘Flame Seedless/5BB’ showed good performance in saturated light intensity and dark respiration rate,which increased by 19.45% and decreased by 26.67% compared with ‘Flame Seedless/101-14MG’.‘Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’ have little difference in light response.(3)In terms of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence: there was no significant difference in chlorophyll fluorescence index between ‘Cresson Seedless/Beta’ and ‘Cresson Seedless/101-14MG’(P>0.05).Compared with Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,‘Flame Seedless/5BB’ increased by 12.67%,3.37% and16.47%,respectively,in Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo and other aspects.‘Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG’ and‘Cabernet Sauvignon/5BB’ had advantages in chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence.(4)From the aspect of fruit quality: in S6 period,the soluble solids content of ‘Cresson Seedless/101-14MG’ was 19.53%,total acid decreased by 66%.The total phenol content decreased by 48%,and the content was 11.22 mg/g.Flavonoids content decreased by 41%,12.07 mg/g.The total sugar content of ‘Flame Seedless/101-14MG’ was 275.96 times higher than that of S1,and the content reached 202.37mg/g.The titratable acid content decreased by more than 78%,and the content was 0.82 mg/g.Total phenol content decreased by 53% to 9.488 mg/g.The flavonoid content decreased by 57%,and the content was10.14 mg/g,the anthocyanin content was 4.53 mg/g.The soluble solids content of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG’ was 24.25%.Total phenol content decreased by 42% to 10.44 mg/g.Flavonoids content decreased by 75 %.(5)In summary,‘Cresson Seedless/101-14MG’,‘Flame Seedless/101-14MG’,and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon/101-14MG’ performed relatively well in leaf appearance,photosynthetic performance,chlorophyll content,and fruit quality,respectively,and were excellent rootstock-spike combinations.