| Mink is a kind of precious animal and has high economic value. Because Shandong has a unique climate characteristics and rich feed resources, it is suitable for the growth of the mink and gradually becoming a big province of mink industry in China. However, the expansion of the scale of mink industry and the increase of breeding density are leading to all sorts of mink disease, which brought great threat to mink industry.Mink Canine Distemper(CD) is an acute infectious diseases which is caused by canine distemper virus(CDV). Mortality rate of youth sable with canine distemper virus is as high as80% ~ 90% and adult sable is 30% ~ 50%. Sick female sable often exhibit abortion, false pregnancy and embryo absorption. So CD is one of the serious infectious diseases in the fur animal industry of China. Mink Enteritis Virus(MEV) is a member of the parvovirus family,which can cause mink viral enteritis exhibiting gastric mucosal inflammation, bleeding and severe diarrhea. Mink viral enteritisis an high acute, high mortality and high contact with sexually transmitted diseases, which often outbreak in 7 ~ 9 months and is easy to happen disease again in the second year of summer and autumn. Influenza virus(IV), Pseudo Rabies virus(PRV) and Porcine Circo virus(PCV) have been scattered in mink and we do not pay pay enough attention to them, but infection rates have risen in recent years.In this study, the samples were collected from eight areas of Shandong province: Weihai Linyi, Rizhao, Jining, Liaocheng, Weifang, Binzhou and Heze, which contains 185 anal swabs and 381 dead mink( liver, lung, kidney, spleen, intestine, brain were collected). Among566 samples, 233 collected from Weihai, 86 from Weifang, 171 from Linyi, 31 from Rizhao, 14 from Jining, 11 from Heze, 11 from Binzhou, 9 from Liaocheng.Anal swab was eluted with PBS and centrifuged, then supernatant was collected to be detected. The samples of the liver, lung, kidney, spleen, intestine, brain and other organs were grinded respectively with the grinder in 10% tissue suspension with PBS and centrifuged to precipitate debris, then supernatant was collected to be detected by using PCR and fluorescence PCR technique. The results showed that the infection rate of CDV is about17%, the rate of MEV infection was7.95%, the rate of AST infection was 9.72%, the rate of IV infection was 3.53%, the rate of PRV infection was 5.82%, PCV infection rate was 3.53%.Mixed infection occurred mainly in CDV and MEV, and the mixed infection rate was 2.83%.The results also showed that CDV and MEV mainly occurred in summer and autumn,especially during the period from July to September. However, AIV and AST mainly occurred in the winter, especially from January to March.In addition, this study conducted the cloning sequencing of 8 strains isolated H gene of C DV strain.As a result, the nucleotide homology among 8 strains of CDV H gene showed between 99.0 ~ 100%, and the sequence homologybetween SDMK07 and SDMK08 was100%; The H gene of 8 strains exhibited 90.0% ~ 99.7% with the reference strains. The H gene of 8 strains had highest homology with the reference strains WF1307 M, which was between 99.1%~99.7%. Phylogentic analysis of H gene shows that the 8 strains of CDV are from the same big branch and probably originated from the wild strains of Hamamastu.The results show that the CDV still is one of the harming disease in mink industry and easy to mix with other pathogenic infections.MEV and AST was prevalent in all areas;IV, PRV and PCV Ⅱ are scattered all over.The onset time and epidemic characteristics of the virus. This study of five virus disease in mink made scientific statistics and provide the epidemiological data for further prevention and control. |
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