Observation On Flower Bud Differentiation And Investigation On Production Status On ‘Youhou’ Persimmon

In recent years, pollination-constant and non-astringent(PCNA) persimmon were planted widely in the suitable planting areas and it has formed an upsurge of development in our country, but it has different cultivation of tree, tree age and cultivation technology in different planting areas, and the fruit management lack the guidance of scientific theory. Therefore, in this experiment, ‘Youhou’ persimmon was used as the material, its flower bud differentiation, fruit growth and development regularity, the main production areas were studied. So as to provide some scientific basis for the actual production of cultivation and the orchard management, accelerate the development of persimmon industry, the main research results are as follows:1.The flower buds differentiation process of ‘Youhou’ persimmon is divided into five stages which were bract primordium differentiation phase, sepal primordium differentiation phase, petal primordium differentiation phase, stamen primordium differentiation phase and pistil primordium differentiation phase. Different stages and its appearance has certain correlation. The exhibition leaf to bud stage is the key stage of flower bud differentiation –to pistil primordium differentiation stage, so in this period,we must strengthen the orchard management.2.The flower buds on different length and different growth vigor branches were observed,we find that the number of flower bud is positively related to the length of branches.The longer the branches grow, the more the flower buds have. So, properly cutting back diffrent lenth branches can save labor on flower and young fruit thinning. But for different growth vigor branches, the total flower number on different shoots conform to as follows:vertical branch > horizontal branch > obliquely extending Branch > pendulous branches, the pruning method is needed to study futher according to the flowering rate.3.The number of flower buds on autumn growth shoot of ‘Youhou’ persimmon was observed, the result show that no matter how long the shoot is, from the top to the base,is increased first and then reduced,and in the middle section the number is more.In the pruning time,we can cut 1~2 buds in the tip of the autumn branches appropriately,to reduce the tree consumption, increase the flowering rate and percentage of fertile fruit, and avoid autumn shoot draw again.4.The transverse and longitudinal diameter growth curves of ‘Youhou’ persimmon fruit are double S, which contain three stages: rapid growth period, slow growing stage and fruit enlargement period. In the growth process, appear twice growth peak, one is from post floral to early July, the other is from late August to fruit ripening. The second growth peak is a key stage of the fruit quality and yield formation, we should pay attention to the fertilizer management of the orchard.5.After physiological fruit drop, the fruit shape index of ‘Youhou’ persimmon is stable between the 0.72 and 0.73.Based on this,we can calculate data of fruit vertical diameter directly according the data of transverse diameter.6.For promoting the development of persimmon industry, first of all,we should intensify propaganda, cause the attention of the government,and improve the government support; secondly, develop the leading role of the grower cooperatives,mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to develop fruit; unify scientific planning to achieve the scale of operation, establish the research and extension system of the sweet persimmon, strengthen the popularization and promotion of advanced cultivation technology, construct the information communication platform. Finally, accelerate the market understanding degree, expand the scope of sales, accelerate the development of ‘Youhou’ persimmon industry, promote the balance of the agriculture industrial structure.