Design And Research On Micro Tillage Machine-cultivated Depth Automatic Control System

Micro tillage machine is a agricultural machinery which use small diesel or gasoline engine,has the characteristics of light weight,small volume, simple structure and so on. China is a large agricultural country,the main kind of management is family,and the large area of cultivated land is hills anmountainous areas which is small plots and undulating,not suitable for large agricultural machinery.In this case,our country began to introduce micro tillage in twentieth Century 80 at the end of the decade,from 2002,micro tillage has entered a models and stable quality mature stage.In recent years, with the rapid development and wide application of micro tillage, the problems of large area of farmland of the hilly and mountainous region in Southwest China have been solved, but more and more problems have been shown:(1) work is not smooth.The micro tillage is bad to adapt soil.It is vibrating very much;(2) the tillage depth is not stable.Ttillage depth is not stable because the field fluctuation uneven,especially field in mountainous and hilly areas when micro tillage working;(3) the traditional micro tillage operator to carry on under the pressure of the hand,labor strength of the operator’s requirements are very high.In order to solve the problem, this paper design a automatic control system for mirco tillage plowing depth with the force control mode. The system include a bracket, tillage depth detetion decice, control device, actuator and weight.Support for the installation of the system and the system with micro tillage connected. Depth detection device by the connecting rod and the angle sensor, micro farmingmachine is composed of three parts,the angle sensor for the detection of connecting rod and the angle between micro tillage,and sends the signal to the control device;the control unit is mainly to complete the depth values of positive and negative treatment,control the rotation of the motor and other functions,the controller receives the angle sensor to send the angle signal,in the geometric relationships based on the corresponding tillage depth at this time, to get through the internalalgorithm, and then through the control device to control micro farming machine forward speed, so that the micro tillage depth reaches the set depth range; the actuating mechanism is composed of an electric push rod and the carriage, complete depth adjustment; resistancemechanism is mainly composed of the linear motor and drag rodconstitution, mainly used to increase the micro tillage drag; weight for depth control provides positive pressure, compose of counter weight,12V battery and control devices, the battery provides power for the entire system.Experimental results show that the designed device, the micro tillage which installed the system is more stable than not installed. The stability of the tilling depth variation coefficient is 13%, and has a certain practical value. The device can effectively adjust the depth, stability of deep tillage in use, reduced labor intensity for micro tillage operator, plays a positive role in improving the efficiency of micro tillage.