Wheat Mutation Analysis And Screening Wheat Drought Resistance By IRAP Molecular Markers

Wheat is the world’s most widely distributed crop, It has the largest growing area,the largest output, the highest total trade among food crops. It is the staple food of more than 35% of the world’s population. Our country is the world’s first country that producing wheat, winter wheat production in 2014 is 119,899,000 tons(2397.9 billion kilograms),increased 4.045 million tons(80.8 billion pounds)compare to 2013, an increase of 3.5%.But China is the largest wheat importer country, wheat import quotas reached 9.636 million tons in 2014, the country spent more than 20 billion dollars of foreign exchange every year, mainly due to the wheat quality especially processing quality, compared to Europe and America and other developed countries, Canada and Australia is poor. It is difficult to meet domestic demand for high-quality wheat, the current total production of wheat has been able to basically meet the domestic demand,but as the population increased, arable land decreased and people’s living standards improved, development cultivate high-yield, high-quality wheat has become an important prerequisite for China’s adjustment agricultural planting structure,increasing farmers’ income, promote the development of the food industry, It has great significance in improving diet quality of our people and promote social and economic development.Ion beam implantation genetic variation and the occurrence of crop-induced ion beam mediated transformation of foreign aid genome technology was a new physical mutation breeding technology developed by our scientists. Comparing with traditional physical mutagenesis methods, it has little physiological damage, mutation spectrum, high mutation frequency, and has certain characteristics of repeatability and directivity, it has been researched and applied in rice, rapeseed, wheat and microbiological organisms, and get some success on breeding.The laboratory using their own advantages, Ion beam mediated exogenous genomic technologies put Hexaploid oats and black Genome that have certain production and physiological advantages transformed into recipient wheat, after years of selective breeding to obtain a number of mutant’s offspring. In this study, first we research on the variation of the overall transformation of the material obtained and analyze main agronomic traits,and then analysis part of the variability of seedlings terms of the growth, development and physiological and biochemical variability to inspect and analysis, at last research and analysis on wheat drought, research resultsare as follows:1. The ion beam mediated mutation material flag leaf traits in transgenic wheat were analyzedTo oat breeding for many years, ion beam mediated transformation and small rye genome mutation material of the flag leaf of wheat leaf area, thickness, chlorophyll content and the variation of offspring stem thickness index is analyzed, and significant analysis were conducted, by analysis the difference and variation of the oats genome and offspring of wheat rye genome transformation to get the offspring material’s variation characteristic information, to fully understand the relevant indicators of the flag leaf of offspring variation materials, in order to provide reference materials for the cultivation and selection of ion beam mediated transgenic wheat materials offspring.2. The analysis of growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of the ion beam mediated transgenic wheat variation materials seedling germination growthIon beam mediated wheat offspring variation materials under conditions of normal temperature water culture, salt stress, alkali stress under the condition of two leaf stage of seed germination and seedling growth and chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activity and proline content, the change of protein content were analyzed and discussedwe obtain that on the different conditions the same variation’s physiological and biochemical reaction and the physiological and biochemical indicators of the different materials under the same condition. From the level of physiological and biochemical to study the foreign genome variation caused by ion beam mediated mechanism.Through the above study to provide more accurate induced conditions of wheat variant materials.3.Using IRAP molecular method,design primers and 36 wheat varieties were used for PCR amplification, polymorphic finger maps were obtained and clustering analysis.The results were as follow : 246 bands were produced by IRAP, the range of amplification fragments were 250bp- 2000 bp, a total of 13 polymorphic loci,the range of different varieties was 0-12.the results of clustering analysis can be clearly differentiate drought resistance between 36 wheat varieties.The study showed that IRAP were suitable for screening drought resistance varieties in wheat.