| The area of greenhouse planting in our country is expanding constantly, at the same time, more and more problems had appeared, especially soil salinization which caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers as well as soil harden and diseases which caused by continuous cropping. Nowadays, because of the excessive use of chemical fertilizers, soil environment was damaged; the qualities of the vegetables produced also declined. How to produce high quality of vegetables which can suit the current social people living standard rise as well as the high requirement for the quality of the vegetables for more and more people has become one of the important issues.As a kind of new cultivation techniques, vegetable soilless culture has many advantages, such as low requirements for environment; low pollution; save time and labour cost; save water and fertilizer; reduce diseases and insect pests; the quality of vegetables produced can be kept. In this way, vegetable soilless culture in our country is developing rapidly. For the farmers, substrate preparing is simple in technology, saving labor, cost reduction, the sustainable development of matrix; the products are of good quality, high production and efficiency.etc. Substrate cultivation of vegetable not only solved the problem of continuous cropping obstacle facilities vegetables, but also overcome the conventional soilless cultivation technology that is difficult to handle and high cost, therefore, it is easily accepted by farmers.The purpose of the research was screening the nutrient solution formula which suitable for the facilities substrate cultivation of pepper in Shandong province by analyzing the effects of the growth, yield and quality index of pepper under different levels of N and K in nutrient solution which based on the Japanese general Yamazaki nutrient solution formula in the substrate cultivation. The main results were following as:(1) The plant height and stem diameter of pepper was significantly higher than the CK when N concentration in 1.1N(19mmol/ L) and 1.2N(20.7mmol/ L) at the beginning of the pepper growth. This suggested that pepper had high demand of N element in the early growth; meanwhile, the change of K concentration in nutrient solution had no significant effect on plant height and stem diameter of pepper.(2) K had significant effect on the growth of pepper plant, the formation of pepper yield as well as the fruit quality, but there is no positive correlation between each other. In a certain range, increasing the supply of K had the promotion effect but the increase of the amount of K could inhibit the improvement of the quality of pepper fruits.The content of Vc(275mg/100g) in the nutrient solution was the highest when K was 7.2mmol/L. Increasing or decreasing the amount of K can decrease the content of Vc in the pepper fruits.(3) Compared with other N treatments, the yield of pepper was large when the concentration of N in nutrient solution was 0.8N(13.86mmol/L) and 0.9N(15.6mmol/L) and the highest yield of N was the highest in 15.6mmol/L and soluble protein content(1.75mg/kg) was the highest. So this experiment chose the best N concentration when the concentration of the N in 15.6mmol/L in different treatments.(4) The yield and quality of pepper fruit grown at low N and K treatment was significantly higher than that of CK and other K as well as N concenmtrations in nutrient solution. The yield was the highest when pepper plants were grown at 7.2 mmol/L and 15.6mmol/Ltreatments compared with others; parameters related to pepper fruit quality for the plants grown at 7.2 mmol/L of K treatment were higher than that of others. Therefore, 7.2mmol/L of K and 15.6mmol/L of N treatments were identified as the optimal concentration for the formulation of nutrient solution of pepper plants. |
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