Study On Community Characters And Its Landscape Assessment Of Urban Hill Forest In Hefei City

Urban mountain forests as an important part of the urban forest have a negligible effect within the city to improve the environment and safeguard the stability of ecosystems. Currently, many urban mountain forests have common problems such as single community structure, poor visual effects, unreasonable stand density, poor biodiversity and so on, which led directly to the mountain forests can not give full play to its forest functions. In view of this situation, the five typical urban hill forests in Hefei city, such as Gushan, Woniushan Pack, Zipengshan, Yefushan, Tushan, were selected for analysis in the paper. Based on field sample investigation, the species composition and structure of forest stands were summarized. Then a comprehensive assessment index system including structure, ecological benefit and landscape beauty was created to make a integrated appraisement of hill woods. The author put forward suggestions on management for Mountain forests. The results were as follows:Based on sample survey, the main dominance canopy species of 5 urban hill forests are Quercus acutissima, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Celtis sinensis, Platycladus orientalis. The second dominant species are more complex, main representative species are Pinus massoniana, Dalbergia hupeana, Populus Canadensis, Liquidambar formosana, Cinnamomum camphora etc. There are many canopy tree’s saplings in shrub stratum. In species composition, it used many city greening tree species, native speciesis relatively low, has obvious characteristics of manual operation.Diversity index for Gushan is 2.078, evenness index 0.336 and richness index 0.046, the dominance index is 0.172; for Woniushan Park is 2.58,0.46,0.12 and 0.14 respectively; for Zipengshan is 2.03,0.34,0.044 and 0.17 respectively; for Yefushan is2.336,0.383,0.081 and 0.18 respectively; for Tushan is 1.891,0.344,0.061 and 0.214 respectively. The diversity index and evenness index for Woniushan is highest, while the dominance index is the lowest. This shows that species of Woniushan are more abundant, the whole community is better than other mountain forest. The diversity index for Tushan is lowest, while the dominance index is the highest, evenness index is relatively low. This shows that species of Tushan are relatively single, the stand of dominant species are obvious.Total 25 community types are described for the 5 hills, such as Pinus massoniana+Dalbergia hupeana, Quercus acutissima, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cunninghamia lanceolata+Quercus aliena, Osmanthus fragrans+Platycarya strobilacea ect.The biomass of hill woods in the study area ranges from 5.33 to 83.38 t · hm-2, and there is an significant difference for different hill forest. The biomass and carbon density of Tushan hill forest was ranked the first, then Zipengshan>Woniushan> Yefushan>Gushan in order.The two landscapes in these studied Mountain forests, roadscape and in-forest landscape were identified in the paper, the method of Scenic Beauty Estimation was used to draw public’s aesthetic trends. The results showed that city residents enjoy healthy forest, which have tall and straight stems, changing vertical structure. In addition, the small size trees in the rule planting pattern, also be in popular. The density of coniferous woods such as Cunninghamia lanceolata is very large, to the public’s reaction are very depressed, not popular.From the mountain forest structure and landscape and ecological function analysis, the authour establish the comprehensive assessment system. The system included 7 indices:diversity index, evenness index, richness index, dominance index tree, health index, carbon density, scenic beauty index. The results showed that:Woniushan Park> Tushan>Yefushan>Zipengshan> Gushan.