Common Wheat Glu-1 Loci Allelic Variation Analysis

The researches on high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in wheat as well as their results are of great significance to the wheat quality improvement. They play a far-reaching role in the enhancement of processing quality of wheat variety resources. From the perspective of glutenin subunits, the objective of China’s breeding of wheat quality improvement is to have a complete survey on HMW-GS distribution, dig out the gene pool of high-quality subunits, introduce quality subunits, gradually change unsatisfactory gluten strength of Chinese varieties, and select and bread specially superior varieties with strong, medium and weak strengths. This paper, starting from the identification of glutenin subunits, goes on to develop and verify functional markers; by taking as test materials 215 core germplasm resources of Chinese wheat rich in genetic diversity, it first designs and verifies 7 pairs of HMW-GS specific primers, realizes the effective, accurate and quick identification for glutenin subunits, and then conducts the subunit identification for 215 germplasm resources through 11 pairs of HMW-GS specific primers.1.Through clone sequencing, sequence alignment, comparison validation and sensitivity analysis of the specific primers for developed subunits Ax1, Ax2*, Bx6, Bx7, Bx13, Dy12 and Dx2.2, these primers of developed molecules, being accurate, sensitive and effective, can be used as new HMW-GS specific primers.2. Among 215 micro core collections, the most is subunit Dy12, taking up 54.9% of total variety, followed by subunit combinations Bx7 + By8, Dx5+Dy10 and Ax1, occupying 43.72%,29.8% and 26.5% respectively. Subunits Bx7, Bx7+By9, Ax2*, Bx6+By8, and Bx13 take up 21.40%,15.35%,7.91%,5.58% and 2.79% respectively, and the least is Bx17+By18, accounting for 1.4%. Wheat micro core collections show an abundant allelic variation at locus Glu-1, thus they can be used for the breeding of bread wheat and as a parental resource for discovering favorable genes.3.7 HMW-GSs are obtained through cloning, in which, by using specific primer P1 at locus Glu-1, Ax1, the gene for awned, white-shell HMW-GS, is cloned, with high conformance between the product sequence and HQ61323 in NCBI Gene Pool, reaching 94%; by parity of reasoning, with the specific primer P2 to P7 at locus Glu-A1, the subunits of Qianjiao Wheat Ax2*, Fan 6 Bx6, Ningchun 4 Bx7, Wujiangzhuo Bx13, Xiaohongpi Dy12 and Huning 10 Dx22.2 can be cloned respectively, the conformance with M22208, HQ731653, JF938072, FM955452, JN255520 and KC881262 in NCBI Gene Pool can reach 98%,97%,98%,97%、96% and 99%　respectively.