Design Of Maize Straw Stereoscopic Returning Machine And Experimental Research Of The Key Components

As the major by-product in grain production, with the growing grain output in China, annual production of crop straw increases gradually. However, the low utilization of straw resources and the large number of burned or abandoned straw contribute to the phenomenon of wasting resource, as well as destroying the necessary environment in our country. Through using the method of straw returned, we can not only solve the above problems, but also can ameliorate such aspects as rising soil organic matter contents, improving soil physical characteristics, increasing soil fertility, improving the imbalance of trace elements in soil. In addition, the method of straw returned is the main method of ensuring sustainable development of agriculture at the condition of maintaining high and stable output in agricultural production.Maize straw stereoscopic returning machine need to complete two works of straw deep application returning and soil deep loosening operations at the same time. In addition, the straw need to be deeply applied 25 cm below the surface of soil. This essay, through access to relevant information, combing with the existing mature technology, according to related requirements of agriculture and farm machinery, completed the overall design of maize straw stereoscopic returning machine and ensured the main parameters of it. And doing research on the key parts of deep application shovel.Maize straw stereoscopic returning machine’s width is 2.1m(3 ridge)which can be matched with 80~100hp stereo during operation, hang by the stereo, where the power is provided by stereo. Returning machine go with stereo and the mole that is formed in deep soil by the deep-application shovel. Transporting the straw to the mole which is formed by deep-application shovel through the straw deep application device.As the main working parts of maize straw stereoscopic returning machine, deep application shovel is the main energy consuming components of it, which structure has a significant effect on traction resistance during working. This paper, through utilizing three plan wedge mechanics method, analysed the resistance 1F which is produced by the process that shank and the point of shovel cut soil, and resistance 2F which is produced by the process that shank and the point of shovel destroy the surface of soil and the friction between the soil, and resistance 3F which is produced by the process that the point of shove broken and bring soil. In this situation, this essay obtain the reasonable shape of deep application shovel in theory.By using three factors and three levels in response surface method, studying the working parameters: buried depth of deep application shovel, soil density and the width of deep application shovel in the process of advancing the work of the resistance, through each regression variance analysis, this paper reach the conclusion that the impact of various factors on the deep application shovel of the running resistance order: deep application shovel of buried depth > deep application shovel width >soil density; the running resistance of deep application shovel had been increased when the deep application shovel of buried depth、soil density and the width of deep application shovel grew.Simulation analyzing the process of deep application shovel through utilizing the EDEM software, and optimize simulation the deep application shovel by three factors and five levels in response surface method, researching the width of deep application shovel, the relief angle of deep application shovel, tool lift angle of deep application shovel in the process of advancing the work of the resistance, through each regression variance analysis, this paper reach the conclusion that the impact of various factors on the deep application shovel of the running resistance order: width of deep application shovel> tool lift angle of deep application shovel > the relief angle of deep application shovel. Ensuring the best shape parameters of deep application shovel, and the tool lift angle of deep application shovel is 36~38?, and the relief angle of deep application shovel is 42?,and the width of deep application shovel is 51 mm.Camparing the experiment result of the work of resistance between experiment and stimulation under different experiment conditions further, the result is that the stimulation data is the same as the experiment data under overall trend and the error is 9.65%~18.70%.The result of simulation analyzing the process of deep application shovel in DEM period has some reference value.