Operating Mechanism And Experimental Study On Matching Conditions Of Chisel-type Deep Loose Shovel

With the rapid development of China's rural economy,the level of agricultural mechanization continues to increase,and people's requirements for the performance of agricultural machinery products are also increasing.However,while meeting the requirements of modern agricultural production,agricultural machinery has brought about high energy consumption and large resistance to farming.To achieve high efficiency,low consumption and long service life of agricultural machinery and equipment,it is necessary to study tractors and various agricultural machinery for matching characteristics.In this paper,the research and modeling of ordinary chisel deep shovel are carried out,and the mechanism of the deep shovel work and soil is analyzed in depth.By establishing the mathematical model of deep shovel tillage,the calculation of different ploughing depths and different working speeds is derived.Force value;discrete element simulation analysis of deep loose shovel-soil,the stress on the deep loose shovel under different ploughing depths and different working speeds;the field deep-slung test of the tractor deep-slot unit,study the ploughing depth,The effect of operating speed on tillage resistance.Through the above analysis,in order to reduce the resistance of tillage,the optimal working parameters of the tractor deep subsoil unit are matched,and the operation results under the preferred working parameters are tested and verified.This paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)The force analysis of the ordinary chisel deep shovel shovel and the shovel tip is carried out,and the mathematical model is established according to the force condition.The working resistance value is calculated according to the structural parameters of the chisel type deep shovel,and the tillage resistance of the tractor subsoil unit is obtained.The influencing factors mainly include soil characteristics,deep loose shovel structure,ploughing depth and working speed.When the ordinary chisel type deep shovel is used for deep loosening,the resistance to the tillage mainly comes from the tip of the shovel and the horizontal resistance of the shovel tip.It is larger than the horizontal direction resistance of the shovel part;as the ploughing depth increases,the tillage resistance gradually increases.As the advance speed of the implement increases,the tillage resistance also increases gradually;the ploughing depth is 30cm and the working speed is 0.3 m/s,the ordinary chisel type deep loose shovel has the least resistance to tilling.(2)Based on the physical characteristics of the soil,through the discrete element simulation analysis of the deep loose shovel-soil,the force on the deep loose shovel at different ploughing depths and different working speeds is obtained.According to the simulation results,the tillage resistance of the deep loose shovel increases with the gradual increase of the tilling depth;the tillage resistance of the deep shovel is gradually increased as the forward speed of the unit increases.Through two-way analysis of variance,it is concluded that the depth of tillage and the working speed have significant effects on the tillage resistance of ordinary chisel type deep shovel,and the effect of plough depth on tillage resistance is greater than the effect of working speed on tillage resistance,and the plough depth is 300mm.When the working speed is 0.3m/s,the ordinary chisel type deep loose shovel has the least resistance to tilling.(3)Combining the actual farming conditions of the tractor deep-slowing unit,the test system for the tillage resistance of the tractor deep-slow unit is set up to prepare for the measurement of the field test tillage resistance.Select test system hardware,including DYLF-102 weighing sensor and its supporting transmitter,NI USB-6215 data acquisition card,test system software part adopts continuous sampling mode to realize signal acquisition system design,and design signal processing system to complete Development of test system software programs.(4)Through the field deep pine test of the tractor deep-slowing unit,the influence of the depth of the ploughing and the working speed on the tillage resistance was studied.From the field experiment,the following conclusions were drawn:the tillage resistance of the tractor deep-slowing unit gradually increased with the increase of the tilling depth,and gradually increased with the increase of the advance speed of the implement.The depth of tillage and the speed of operation have a significant impact on the tillage resistance of tractor deep-slow units,and the effect of tillage depth on tillage resistance is greater than the effect of working speed on tillage resistance.When the ploughing depth is 300mm and the working speed is 0.3m/s,the tractor deep-slowing unit has the lowest tillage resistance and should be selected as the best working parameter.When the depth of ploughing is 300mm and the working speed is 0.3m/s,the stability coefficient of deep depth is 97.924%,the rate of soil loosening is 73.7%,the slip rate of the unit is 13.5%,and the overall deep loosening effect is good.All meet the requirements of national standards.