Research On Effects Of Sandy Soil With Sandy Soil Amendment

The Horqin Sandy is one of China’s four major sandy land, this region is one of the most serious desertification in agro-pasturage ecotone in china, land degradation is much serious, the aeolian soil is the major soil type in this area, the soil’s structure is poor, the phenomenon of leaking water and fertilizer is serious, and land productivity is very low. seriously restricting this area’s agricultural development.through studying the time-space variation of soil physical,chemical and biological characteristics after apllied the sandy soil amendment in the following five years, study its long-term effects and soil capability of retention of water and fertilizer, and provide the theoretical basis for controlling sandy soil and turning the sandy soil into fertile farmland, The results showed that as following:(1) The sandy soil amendment can improve the soil physical characteristics, also improve the water retention capability, all the sandy soil amendments treatments can improve soil aggregate content which particle size were greater than 0.25mm,the 0-1 Ocm soil layer increased maximum,increased by 37.16%-131.98% compared to CK; the sandy soil amendment reduced the soil bulk desity, the 0-1 Ocm soil layer decreased maximum, decreased by 0.6%-8.4%compared to CK; The sandy soil amendment can improve the soil water content in the 0-40cm soil layer, also change the vertical distribution of water content. As the soil depth increased, the water content of CK also increased, and reached peak in the 40-80cm soil layer. The sandy soil amendment treatments reached peak in the 20-40cm soil layer, increased by 21.20%-39.19% compared to CK; the rule of water storage capacity changed as same as water content. In the 0-40cm soil layer, the average water storage capacity was increased by 25.28%-48.39%compared to CK, during the whole growth stages, the treatments of EJD.C.B and A were holding more water than CK. respectively increased by 10.22,8.77,8.60,4.04 and 2.16mm compared to CK.(2) The sandy soil amendment can improve the soil biological characteristics. The sandy soil amendment can increase the content of soil microbial biomass C.N.P and enzyme activity in the 0-40cm layer,during the three growth periods:huge bellbottom period>jointing stage> jointing stage, during the different layers:10-20cm> 0-1 Ocm> 20-40cm,had the greatest effects on 10-20cm soil layer.soil microbial biomass C,N,P were respectively increased by 0.62%-32.54%,5.97%-43.61%,8.28%-56.23% compared to CK, soil urease activity, invertase activity, catalase activity were respectively increased by 2.6%-12.37%,2.82%-14.62%,28.22%-46.65% compared to CK.(3) The sandy soil amendment can improve the soil chemical characteristics, also improve the nutrient preserving capability, The sandy soil amendment can improve topsoil soil nutrients contents,and had an obvious effects of retention of fertilizer. As the soil depth increased, the nutrients contents of CK also increased, and reached peak in the 20-40cm soil layer, the sandy soil amendment treatments reached peak in the 10-20cm soil layer, in the 0-40cm soil layer, The soil organic matter content, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, toralpotassium content, avaliable nitrogen content, avaliable phosphorus content, avaliable potassium content were respectively increased by 0.41%-14.11%,0.57%-13.74%,1.23%-36.27%,2.23%-38.61%,0.14%-42.2%,0.75%-19.72%, 1.62%-20.51% compared to CK in the 0-40cm soil layer, During the whole growth stages, the avaliable nitrogen,avaliable phosphorus and avaliable potassium preserving capability performance as follows:the sandy soil amendments treatments respectively increased by 4.26-13.34 kg/hm2,0.52-0.87 kg/hm2,6.37-17.05 kg/hm2 compared to CK, as times goes by, the effect of retaining fertilizer increased.(4) The sandy soil amendment can improve maize yeild and economic benefit, it also increased water productivity and water use efficiency, and the effects was strengthen as years increased, water productivity and water use efficiency increased by 3.46%-6.91% and 7.10%-11.41% compared to CK, In 2013, the third year had the greatest maize yield,reached to 8541.45kg/hm2, increased by 59.62% compared to CK, increased by 11.11%,18.01% and 38.69% compared to the fourth year, the second year and the first year, In 2014, the fifth year had the greatest yield,reached to 6694.38kg/hm2, increased by 9.94% compared to CK,increased by 4.31%,2.70%,12.41% and 15.20% compared to the fourth year, the third year, the second year and the first year, In the fourth year after applied sandy soil amendment can get the cost back, in the following four years the net income can reached to 3603.49 yuan/hm2, in the following five years the net income can reached to 8827.16 yuan/hm, Above all. sandy soil amendment has an obvious improvement and long-term effect on sandy soil, it also a feasible way to achieve the purpose of improving soil quality and yield.