The Comparative Analysis Of The Diversity And Metabolic Pathway In Intestinal Microbiota Of Broiler Chicken With High And Low Abdominal Fat Percentage

The correlation between obesity and intestinal microbiota had been wildly researched in human and rat models, and the research results indicated the intestinal microbiota significantly influenced the state of obesity. However, in broiler chicken which was closely related to human life, the study in intestinal microbiota was rare. Furthermore, the abdominal fat percentage profoundly impacted the production performance and reproductive capacity. So it make great sense to reveal the intestinal microbiota profile and its functional feature. To address these challenge,28 fecal samples of broiler chicken collected from northeast agricultural university were used to investigate the diversity and metabolic pathway of intestinal microbiota in broiler chicken with different abdominal fat percentage by using the 454 pyrosequencing and whole-genome-shotgun sequencing technology. The results indicated that the core genera Bacteroides, Clostridium, Eubacterium, Faecalibacterium, Hallella, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus and Subdoligranulum were detected in all samples, and they took part in the pathway of carbon, amino acid, purine and pyrimidine, methane, fatty acid, sulfide, starch, sugar and butyrate. Further research reflected the structure in intestinal microbiota between chicken with high and low abdominal fat percentage was significantly different. The genera Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Bacteroides, Hallella and Alistipes were rich in chicken with low abdominal fat percentage whereas the Enterococcus and Clostridium were rich in chicken with high abdominal fat percentage. Species analysis based on metagenomic data showed that the Alistipes shahii, Bacteroides coprophilus Bacteroides salanitronis and Bacteroides cellulosilyticus were predominant bacteria in low abdominal fat percentage chicken but the Clostridium spiroforme, Clostridium symbiosum, Clostridium lentocellum and Enterococcus faecalis were predominant bacteria in high abdominal fat percentage chicken. In functional level, the functional features mainly enriched in the metabolic pathway of bile acid secretion and fatty acid biosynthesis in low abdominal fat percentage chicken, but the metabolic level in amino acid, pyruvic acid and methane biosynthesis were increased in high abdominal fat percentage chicken. By comparing different obesity models containing human, rat and chicken, an increased amount of Clostridium and a decrease amount of Bacteroides and Alistipes were found in all obesity models. This basic research will accelerate the breeding and increase the production performance of broiler chicken.