Several Kinds Of Spruce Genetic Diversity And Its Adaptability To The Environment

Spruce is the pinaceae plants of the genus Picea, evergreen trees. It is About 40 species of the world, Spruce trees is more species distribution in our country, there area total of 20 kinds, They are concentrated in the northeast, north,northwest, southwest and Taiwan and other regions. In recent years, our country spruce forest area reduction and germplasm lost because people destructive rotational felling, they seriously affect the germplasm genetic improvement and resource conservation. Therefore, we study the genetic diversity, environmental adaptability, mainly for the introduction and cultivation, picea greening afforestation and provide a scientific basis for genetic improvement in the future.In this paper, the environmental factor of 7 kinds of spruce gathering is the application survey of climate, to find the method of literature and weather stations. We used ISSR-PCR molecular markers for genetic diversity analysis of 7 kinds of spruce. Our analysis of 7 kinds of spruce environmental adaptability is two aspects from the genetic and geographical features, climate, soil characteristicsThe main results are as follows:(1) Main environmental factors influencing the distribution of the seven kinds of spruce of annual rainfall, annual average temperature and altitude. According to cluster analysis, different parts of the same tree species is together,that same tree species growth area is different, but the area of environmental conditions are similar. Picea koraiensis and P.koraiensis var. nenjiangensis is together, P. meyeri and P. mongolica is together.Shows different tree species to the requirement of environmental conditions are the same, the same is similar to adaptability to the environment.(2) In the ISSR-PCR reaction,Five factors the influence degree of the order from high to low is:Taq polymerase > Mg2+ > primers > template DNA > dNTPs. ISSR PCR reaction system of Spruce is:Taq polymerase 1.0 U, Mg2+1.6 mu, dNTPs 2.4 u L, primers 1.5 uL, DNA template 50ng. Application of PCR amplification, From 100 ISSR primers screened in ISSR primers of 18, amplification band is 171 article, polymorphism bands is 150, the percentage of polymorphic bands is 86.71%,Seven kinds of spruce polymorphism is higher. Seven kinds of spruce genetic diversity from high to low order is P. asperata,P > P. mongolica > Picea koraiensis > Picea crassifolia > P.koraiensis var > P. smithiana> P. meyeri.The genetic differentiation coefficient of Gst from high to low order is P. meyeri > P. smithiana > P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis > Picea crassifolia > Picea koraiensis > P. mongolica > P. asperata,P. genetic distance of P. meyeri and P. mongolica was 0.1099, their genetic distance is the smallest, these two kinds of spruce affinity is close.genetic distance of P. smithiana and P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis was 0.8960, their genetic distance is the biggest, kinship is far.18SrDNA Cloning sequencing result is P. meyeri and P. mongolica difference sequences is the smallest, kinship is the latest. P. meyeri and the sequence of Picea crassifolia difference is one of the biggest, kinship is the farthest.(3) Three kinds of clustering the 7 kinds of spruce is divided into two categories.The first category is Picea koraiensis and P.koraiensis var.nenjiangensis for category, P. meyeri and P. mongolica for a class, after four spruce and P. asperata,P together. The second type is gathered P. smithiana and Picea crassifolia. Seven kinds of spruce adaptation to the environment of similarity and genetic structure similarity is consistent.7 kinds of the genetic diversity index of spruce and the annual average temperature, annual precipitation and altitude were significantly positive correlation. Different direction of spruce adaptability to the environment is different, Adaptability to temperature pecking order is Picea koraiensis > P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis > Picea crassifolia > P. mongolica > P. meyeri > P. smithiana > P. asperata,P. Adaptability to water and weak correlation between the size of the order is P. smithiana> P. meyeri> Picea crassifolia > P. mongolica > Picea koraiensis > P.koraiensis var. nenjiangensis > P. asperata,P.To the elevation of the adaptive strength is P. smithiana > Picea crassifolia > P. asperata,P > Picea koraiensis > P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis > P. mongolica > P. meyeri. Seven kinds of spruce gene flow and rainfall and temperature has significant correlation. Water adaptive pecking order is P. smithiana> P. meyeri > Picea crassifolia > P. mongolica > Picea koraiensis > P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis > P. asperata,P Temperature adaptability of pecking order is Picea koraiensis > P.koraiensis var nenjiangensis > Picea crassifolia > P. mongolica > P. meyeri > P. smithiana > P. asperata,P...