Study On Relationship Between Effects Of Fertilizer And Seed Quality Of Oil Sunflower With Alkaline Soil

In order to study the effect of N, P and K fertilizer on seed quality of oil sunflower under the condition of alkalization and the relationship between nutrient absorption and fats quality, we set fertilizer efficiency experiments of NPK and mensurated seed oil content, fatty acid composition (linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid and palmtic acid) content and protein content at Qianjin farm (Pingluo, Ningxia) with moderate alkaline soil (Alkalinity≥15%). The study provides scientific basis for regulating alkalization fertilization and improving seed quality of oil sunflower. The study of field experiments were showed:1. The dry matter accumulation at different stages of oil sunflower with alkalization soil follows the Logistic curve. dry matter accumulation with NPK treatment was up to 244.53 g per plant. The effect of fertilizer on the improvement of dry matter was N, organic fertilizer, K and P following decreasing order. Dry matter of leaves, steam and flower and root shows parabolic trend. Dry matter of seeds shows linear upward trend. The dynamic change of stem length and diameter were showed "S" type curve, which conforms to Logistic growth function. Oil flower grows stout with moderate stem length by balanced fertilization of NPK.2. The absorption and accumulation of NPK at different growth stages showed "s" type curve accorded with Logistic model. The absorption and accumulation of N、P2O5、K2O dealt by NPK was highest, respectively:3.01、2.31、11.87 g/plant. The accumulation amount of N increased by 1.47 times with N fertilization increased. P2O5 accumulation amount increased 26.23% with P fertilization increased. The absorption peak of N happens in the bud stage, and which of P2O5 and K2O happens in the budding and blossom period. Absorption and accumulation characteristics of oil sunflower in different growth stages of different organs were showed that:the nutrient of N、P2O5 and K2O showed parabola trend in leaves, stem and stem; the nutrient of N and P2O5 was inverted "L" type in seeds; N and K2O nutrient accumulation showed up ward trend in root, accumulation of P2O5 was increased first and then decreased in roots; Each 100kg seeds needs N of 3.39kg、P2O5 of 2.81kg、K2O of 10.86kg with the average ratio of 1:0.83:3.2.3. Protein content of oil sunflower in alkaline soil dealt by NP fertilization reached a maximum of 19.6%. Crude protein content dealt by organic fertilizer was the lowest of 11.2%, and protein yield dealt by NPK reached a maximum of 43.53 kg/666.7m2,2.3 times of CK treatment. Crude fat content dealt by NPK reached a maximum of 55.3%, and which dealt by PK reached the minimum of 45.3%. Oil production dealt by NPK reached a maximum of 128.03 kg/666.7m2. The effect of increasing production on protein production and oil yield with fertilizer treatment showed N, K, P and organic fertilizer following a decreasing order. N, P and K fertilizer reduce the content of linoleic acid and plamitic acid, and increase oleic acid and stearic acid. Organic fertilizer could increase the content of linoleic acid and palmitic acid, and reduced oleic acid and stearic acid content. There was no significant effect of fertilization on linolenic acid. The content of crude protein, oleic acid, stearic acid had positively correlation with N content of oil sunflower plant, negatively correlation with P2O5 and K2O. The content of crude fat, linoleic acid and palmitic acid had negatively correlation with N content, positively correlation with P2O5 and K2O.4. Sunflower yield of NPK treatment reached a maximum of 3472.79 kg/hm2, while the CK treatment was 1570.32 kg/hm2. The application of N increased yield by 57.93%, P increased by 9.62%, N increased by 18.77%, organic fertilizer increased by 14.4%. The effect of yield increasing showed:N> K> organic fertilizer>P. The efficiency of N fertilizer reached 56.9%, P 36%, K 27.4%. The utilization rate of fertilizer showed:N> P> K.