Design Of Harvesting Device Of Safflower Petals Based On Pneumatic And Simulation Of Airflow Field

For the rapid development of Xinjiang safflower industry currently, however, the study of themechanized harvesting of safflower petals in home and abroad is still in its infancy and no models what canbe applied in actual production, and the situation of safflower harvesting mainly rely on manual. In thispaper, the principle of Pneumatic was used in order to harvest dried safflower petals based on the study ofmaterial properties of safflowers, and one kind of dried safflower harvesting device was designed withtheoretical analys is, computer simulation and other methods. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD)technology was applied to simulate and analyze the different structures within the set flowers cover andflowers mouth blown pipes. Finally the best internal structures of harvest, collection, and transportation andother systems were determined. These efforts provide scientific basis and methods for the research anddevelopment of the safflowers’ mechanized harvest. The main aspects of work were carried out in thefollowing:1. Characteristic Analys is of safflower materials. Obtained relevant data of biological characteristics ofsafflower plants by combining literatures, field research and experimental research (external morphology ofsafflower plants, spatial distribution of achene and the diameter of achene and sepals, etc.) and materialproperties of safflower petals (the moisture content of petals in different maturity and the petals’ surfacearea of natural state, etc.). Classified fresh petals, semi-dried petals and dried petals, and determined itseffect on the safflower harvesting device to provide a theoretical basis for the parameters design.2. The structural design and three-dimensional modeling of Safflower harvesting device. Determinedthe harvesting principle of dried safflower petals, overall designed and analyzed its working principle of theharvesting device, and used SolidWorks software on the overall structure of three-dimensional modeling,assembly and interference checking. The structures of set flowers cover and flowers mouth blown pipeswere multi-program designed what can influence the effect of picking and collecting, and the best structurecombinations were choosed through subsequent fluid simulation.3. In order to achieve the purposes of improving the picking rates of safflower petals and reducing fanpower, the straight tube type and tapered tube type were designed for the flowers mouth blown pipes basedon the rational design of pneumatic conveying systems and loss along the way of the system was calculatedin this paper, and the CFD was used to simulate and analyze these two different tubes. By comparativeanalys is of simulation results, it was obtained that the internal pressure and velocity distribution of inclinedtype flowers mouth blown pipes is more uniform, and the vortex phenomenon didn’t appear in this kindpipes, and the inlet veloc ity of three branching pipes were the same, its value was approximately7.43m/s.The outlet velocity of three outs’ distribution uniformity and the difference of wind speed values is small,and their values were10.3m/s and11.0m/s, in addition, this structure also facilitates wind aggregation andcan increase air volume, so this construction is the most optimal combination.4. In order to improve the effect of picking and gathering safflower petals to achieve the purpose ofimproving the collection efficiency and reducing the amount of falling petals, the external shape and theangle of the flowers mouth blown pipes of the set flowers cover were improved on the basis of the originalset flowers cover, and the Fluent software was used to simulate the internal structure of different externalshapes and angles of set flowers covers. The simulation results show that both sides of the flowers mouthblow which were tilted30°of the straight type of set flowers cover had the largest high-speed area in thecenter, the low-speed area in the lower part of the set flowers cover after the confluence of the airflow wassmall, the flow of both sides which flow to the outlet was very smooth, The three streams on cross-sectional Ⅱ can merge into one without reducing the wind velocity, which can greatly reduce thelow area between the flowers mouth blown pipes, therefore, the petals on this section can be well picked,collected and transported, and this kind of agency is energy savings and ease of manufacture.