Study On The Key Technology Of The High Yield And Efficient Cultivation For Wheat/Maize Annual Yield In Southern Xinjiang

Southern Kashi area is located in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, light, heat andabundant resources, drought little rain, belongs to the typical oasis irrigation agriculture, longfrost free period, accumulated temperature high, suitable for the development of multiplecropping. Is the main area of grain production, the development of agricultural technologyadvanced production has lagged behind. As a multi-ethnic region, Kashi area of arable land islimited, person much ground is little more prominent contradiction. Aiming at the level oflocal wheat, corn production is low, high yield, multiple cropping technology study on theproblem of weak, from introduced species and identification, sowing time, rational closeplanting and crop selection reasonable collocation of wheat, corn, more familiar, more thanone year anniversary over tons of grain planting pattern matching key cultivation technology,aims to make full use of sunlight, temperature and the advantages of resources, improve grainproduction efficiency of land resources, and has important economic and realistic significanceto promote the development of characteristic agriculture in southern Xinjiang, ensuring foodsecurity, maintaining social stability. The main results are as follows:1.Analysis of the Xinjiang Kashi area in recent50years (1962~2012) trends, climatecharacteristic. The results showed that: the total solar radiation intensity stability in4210~6713MJ·m-2, sunshine hours increased year by year; average annual temperature,annual mean minimum, maximum temperature increase; scarce rainfall, frost free period isextended. Annual frost free period of stable219~253d,≥0°active accumulated temperatureof4367.7~5276.4℃,≥10°effective accumulated temperature of1932~2642.8℃. Therefore,the development of "multiple cropping in one year," high yield planting mode in Kashi area,with light and heat resources be richly endowed by nature.2.In the area of Kashi from October8th to October before winter daily average ofXindong20for the optimum sowing date of winter wheat. In the introduction of new varieties,Gaoyou2018varieties of mature period close to Xindong20(CK); leaf area index and higherSpad values. In two sowing dates measured average yield is546.8kg·666.7m-2, increased by19.7%and12.7%respectively than CK, can be recommended as a substitute when alternativevarieties of local varieties.3.The suitable seeding time in May5to15, can reduce the two crop intergrowth effect. InXinyu335varieties, and Zhongdan909had higher leaf area index, resistance to lodging,yield benefit is good, can be recommended as the southern Kashi area interplanting maizevarieties. Xinyu35and Xinyu29mature earlier, higher leaf area index, the suitable plantingdensity in6000~6500/666.7m2, yield benefit is good and stable, can be recommended as thelocal resowing maize varieties.4."year three mode ","521mode" and " Two crops a year" three planting patterns, winterwheat maize double cropping corn "year three" mode, and has the characteristics of high,grain production potential utilization of light and heat resources in Kashi area, and can bepopularized to achieve the annual1250kg·666.7m-2. Winter wheat and maize varieties suitedto "premature, high-in the late-early, quick dehydration" combination. In this study,"Gaoyou2018/Zhongdan909/Xinyu54" or "Xindong20/Zhongdan909/Xinyu54" varietyperformance advantages. In the Kashi area, annual grain yield not only with local energyresources, accumulated temperature had significant positive correlation, and the correlation between temperature and light resources than the resources.