Effects Of Jujube Intercropping Cotton With Different Irrigation To Cotton Yield And Water Use In Tarim Basin

Tarim Basin is the largest basin, located in the middle of the Eurasian continent,has a typical temperate continental arid climate.Water scarcity limit the large-scaleagriculture development is the biggest problem facing in the region.As a irrigatedagriculture farming area, Tarim Basin, fruit and cotton intercropping pattern iswidespread, as the main cropping patterns, and effectively improve the efficiency ofagricultural water use, which has broad prospects for development.Dates as the Tarim Basin acreage largest fruit crops,cotton was the traditionaladvantages of crops in Xin Jiang provence，jujube orchard intercropping cotton wascurrently the common fruit cotton intercropping patterns in the region，jujubeintercropping cotton research was also often found in newspapers in recent years.Thisstudy is based on didn’t affect the jujube case growth，improve water use efficiency inintercropping,groping intercropping cotton high yield models,optimize the jujubeorchards intercropped cotton optimized cropping patterns provide a theoretical basis.This study focused on the following areas:1、The physical and chemical properties changing of jujube intercropping cotton.Intercropping conditions, with increasing soil depth soil moisture was increasing incotton seedling.In cotton bud，the highest soil moisture was W3, was19.00%,followed was W2, was18.41%, the lowest soil moisture was CK, only14.36%,4.65%lower than W3，and upper soil moisture was higher than lower.Soil moisture duringthe blooming period with increasing soil depth, showing regularity of "high-low-high"as a"V"shaped trend,that was surface soil moisture was high,40-60cm waslow,80-100cm was high.The results showed， soil bulk density at different growth stages showed"low-high-low" as a "V" shaped trend,that was the seedling soil bulk density waslow,bud stage was high，later growth was low.Compared with monoculture,intercropping reduced soil nitrogen17.25%,available phosphorus27.43%, but improved potassium66.9%.Intercropping soil,thehighest nitrogen content was W2in0-100cm soil, was24.99mg/kg, followed was W4, was22.95mg/kg, the lowest was W3, was21.00mg/kg; the highest availablephosphorus content also was W2in0-40cm soil, was104.97mg/kg.2、Effects of jujube intercropping cotton with different irrigation on cottongrowth.Intercropping system had a significantly effect on cotton growth anddevelopment.Intercropping was significantly lower than monoculture on the growth ofcotton, intercropping plant height was low1.5cm, blades was fewer2.14, fruitingbranches was fewer1.7, new flowerings was fewer0.89, bud number was fewer5,boll number was fewer4.3.3、The photosynthetic characteristics changing day under jujube intercroppingcotton. The net photosynthetic rate changing day under jujube intercropping cottonappeared regularly changes.Intercropping cotton net photosynthetic rate expressed as"Bimodal" curve in seedling stage，peaks appeared at12:00and16:00，peaks were23.97molCO2/m2·s and24.46molCO2/m2·s，and the second bimodal was higher0.5molCO2/m2·s. But net photosynthetic rate expressed as “Unimodal” curve in budstage，blooming period，boll opening stage, peaks appeared at14:00, peaks were25.94、20.55and24.3molCO2/m2·s.Jujube intercropping cotton transpiration rate showed "Unimodal" curves incotton seedling, bud stage, the blooming period, boll opening period,except theblooming period peak appearsed in14:00,was9.4g/m2·h,other growth stage peakoccurred at16:00，respectively was17.29、14.08、10.54g/m2·h.Intercropping cotton photosynthetically active radiation expressed as "Bimodal"curve in seedling stage， peaks appeared at12:00and16:00， peaks were1562.43μmol/m2·s and1546.33μmol/m2·s，and the second bimodal was lower16.1μmol/m2·s. But photosynthetically active radiation expressed as “Unimodal”curve in bud，blooming period，boll opening stage, peaks appeared at14:00, peakswere1663.8μmol/m2·s、1692.03μmol/m2·s、1521.87μmol/m2·s.Look from differentwater treatment，the highest photosynthetically active radiation was W2, followed wasW4, the lowest was W1, lower than W268.68μmol/m2·s.4、Effects of jujube intercropping cotton with different irrigation on cottonyield.Different irrigation treatment influenced intercropping cotton production.W2was the highest yield was3828.3kg/hm2, followed was W4, was3423.3kg/hm2, W3was3312.5kg/hm2, the lowest yield was W1, was3301.2kg/hm2. 5、Research of cotton water use efficiency under jujube intercropping cotton.Different irrigation treatment had different cotton water use efficiency under jujubeintercropping cotton,the highest water use efficiency was W1,was9.66kg/hm2·mm，followed was W2，was8.90kg/hm2·mm，W3was5.47kg/hm2·mm，the lowestwater use efficiency was W4, only3.98kg/hm2·mm.6、 With a condition of jujube intercropping cotton in Tarim Basin,betterintercropping mode was cotton planting1m distance from dates,the right dripirrigation water of suitable for cotton growing was4500m3/hm2.