Study On Different Types Of Rice Varieties Fertilizer And Density Precise Quantitative Technology In Cold Region

In recent years, the rice production was greatly developed and great achievements hasbeen made in the field of rice cultivation under the basement of building green food inHeilongjiang province, but there are still problems of planting density and fertilizerapplication etc.Large area of lodging and small group caused by planting densityunreasonable,the excessive fertilizer,especially nitrogen fertilizer is applied to the soil, ifthe rice population is too flourish, it will cause the ability of disease resistance、lodgingresistance and adaptive capacity decrease, The losing of nitrogen fertilizer make influenceon yield and benefit, and it can cause environmental pollution.Aiming at the problemsexposed in rice production in Heilongjiang province and the local environmentalconditions and resources, we can carry on studies on different types of rice varietiesfertilizer and density precise quantitative technology in cold region.It can preliminarilysolve the problem of nitrogen fertilizer levels、fertilizer proportion and planting density inthe second accumulated temperature region in Heilongjiang province and providetheoretical basis for the building of accurate quantitative cultivation mode, and play aimportant role in Heilongjiang province,even the north cold rice growing area, ensure thefood security of our country which has the vital significance.The agricultural science and technology park in Heilongjiang province was selected asthe test base.Two different types of rice varieties were chose to carry on different plantingdensity and nitrogen quantity test.By studying on fertilizer quantity、nitrogen fertilizationperiod、nitrogen fertilization ratios、Spacing and number of basic seedlings in secondaccumulative temperature belt, we analyzed the causes of the formation of production andthe impact on the quality traits and Draw the following conclusions:1.The paddy fertilizer N for the whole year is about128kg/hm2in Secondaccumulative temperature, the panicle weigth type should be appropriately increasednitrogen fertilizer, but should not be too much, P2O5is64~96kg/hm2, K2O is64kg/hm2，Fertilization amount is256~288kg/hm2.2. Under the condition of N application rate of128kg/hm2, The nitrogen ratio of theearly and late period is7:3, the yield will be higher.3. High nitrogen treatment can promote rice tillering.And nitrogen partial early andpartial later period application is unfavorable for rice tillering, base fertilizer, tillingfertilizer, panicle fertilizer and particle fertilizer should reasonably applied,which canpromote rice tillering.4. High nitrogen increase length and fresh weight from the third internode base to topof panicle, also increase the possibility of lodging.Less nitrogen can increase rice lodgingresistance. 5. Reducing nitrogen treatment can accelerate the process of rice, leaf age diminishwith the increase of N application rate, tiller peak delay.6. Nitrogen fertilizer can improve the milling quality of rice, increase the rate of brownrice and whole polished rice, reduce the chalkiness rice rate of rice, improve the cookingand eating quality of rice.under the condition of nitrogen in pure nitrogen,128kg/hm2inthis experiment,the rice quality is best, two varieties performance is consistent.7. In the second accumulated temperature region, the yield of large head type is higher24cm row spacing than30cm row spacing, the highest yield is under24cm row spacingand13.3cm hole spacing;the highest yield of panicle number type varieties is also under24cm row spacing and13.3cm hole spacing.