| Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is our traditional precious Chinese herbal medicines, which has many effects, e.g. nourishing yin and clearing heat, improving eyesight, lungs Yiwei Shengjin, anti-cancer and anti-aging. The wild resources of D. officinale have been endangered due to over-exploitation and ecological destruction. In1987, D. officinale has been protected as two national protected plants. Since the beginning of the new century, with the breakthrough of cultivation techniques, D. officinale industry has rapidly developed and the output value are exceeded50billion. D. officinale has become one of herbal medicines with the largest sales and fastest-growing speed. A variety of cultivation modes have been created. The original ecological cultivation is the direction of the industrial development of D. officinale, and Cold cultivar selection is the basis of the original ecological cultivation. This paper systematically expounds the cultivation modes e.g. bionic-facility cultivation, the original ecological cultivation, and potting cultivation for D. officinale, which can provide useful information for the development and improvement of D. officinale industry. Meanwhile, the studies on cold resistance, agronomic traits and yields of full-sib F1generations of D. officinale have been carried out.(1) Artificial cultivation modes for D. officinaleFacilities bionic cultivation is the main mode of D. officinale artificial cultivations. The temperature, humidity and light can be artificial regulation, the management is easy and the yields is stable, and the product can reach the organic, green, and pollution requirements. Its main drawback is that the invest is high, more occupation of land resources and the plastic greenhouses have certain negative impact on the environment. Live epiphytic original ecological cultivation does not compete with the food fertile land, and does not compete with the trees woodland, environment-friendly, the original ecological products, and is conducive to the recovery of the wild population, ecological and economic benefits of ecological forest can double harvest; their main disadvantages are cultivars need to have stronge environmental adaptability, management is difficult, and technologically demanding is high. Understory cultivation mode with live tree and the epiphytic original ecological cultivation is similar. The potted mode is between facilities of bionic cultivation and understory cultivation.(2) Cold hardiness evaluation of full-sib Fl generations of D. officinaleFrost damages of35full-sib Fl generations and Senshan No.2of D. officinale were investigatied. The results showed that the frostbite degree are significantly different among different families in the temperature of-8℃. More than half families (54.2%) displayed heavy frost damage to the devastating frost damage, and46.8%families had a better pedigree freezing tolerance. The families from Zhejiang parent had high cold resistances, while from Yunnan soft corner had worst cold resistances. Zhejiang cultivars created should attach great importance to the the cold germplasm selection, maternal and paternal are equally important.(3) Agronomic traits and yields determination of full-sib F1generations of D. officinale and Fine Family SelectionBased on the results of cold hardiness evaluation, genetic determination of the23full-sib Fl generation sand Senshan No.2of D. officinale were carried out. The results showed that there are significant differences in the agronomic traits and yields among families, and the hybrid vigour was obvious. Families of70×91,69×91and30×66with obvious advantages in yields and agronomic traits have been selected. The correlation analysis between agronomic traits and yields indicated that stem length, internode length, leaf length, leaf width, number of sprouting, number of leaf were significantly and linearly related to the yields, in which the number of sprout production is the most closely related. |
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