The Identification And Evolutionary Analysis Of Portion Dermacentor Species,and Serology Detected Its Carrying Babesiosis In Xinjiang

Ticks, as obligate blood-sucking arthropods,parasitize surface of livestock and poultry. Dermacentorbelonging to Acarina, Ixodidae, Dermacentor. Dermacentor not only bite people, animals, blood-suckingcause direct harm, but also can spread protozoa, bacteria and viruses, such as a variety of pathogenicmicroorganism cause zoonoses.Dermacentor hazards, carrying and communication of pathogen species,with their is closely related to geographical distribution,vegetation breeding environment.In this study, theetiology and molecular immunology methods,the identification and evolutionary tree analysis of portionDermacentor species,and serology detected its carrying Babesiosis in natural grazing area of Xinjiang,itprovides technical support for the prevention and control about ticks and tick-borne diseases in Xinjiang.(Ⅰ) In this test, identifies of portion Dermacentor (N=5436)collection which yak, cattle, sheepand horses surface in natural grazing area of Xinjiang, and by using relative dominance,richnessindex,diversity index and evenness index on biodiversity,the analysis of the composition of theDermacentor in the zone.The morphological identification results for six kinds of D.nuttalli,D.silvarum, D.marginatus, D.niveus, D. pavlovskyi, D. montanus; Observation and analysis of theirtick in the kinds of basic morphological traits at the same time, it kind of ticks between theperitrematalia shape, dorsal prolongation the size, footⅡ-Ⅳ tibia to tarsule whether have suprand other "identification" of morphological characteristics are described;created “Dermacentorpart species retrieval table in Xinjiang”. The results of these tests showed that the D.nuttalli, D.marginatus,D.silvarum, D.pavlovskyi, D.niveus are dominant species,whose relative dominance are24.41%,22.23%,17.82%,16.43%,17.82%respectively. The richness index, diversity index and evenness index ofDermacentor from the natural grazing animals such as yak, cattle, sheep and horses are high.(Ⅱ) In this study, the16SrDNA gene and the ITS-2gene of D.pavlovskyi were amplified by PCR,sequenced; the sequence was compared with the published16SrDNA and ITS2in GenBank and Blastn.Based on the16S rDNA and ITS2sequences the molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed byneighbor-joining method(NJ) and maximum likelihood method(ML), and the taxonomic status ofD.pavlovskyi was estimated at molecular level. The result of D.pavlovskyi16SrDNA and ITS2sequence is461bp and821bp respectively. The gene homology of16SrDNA and ITS2between D.pavlovskyi and otherspecies of Dermacentor were89.4%～96.0%and83.2%～96.8%respectively.Based on16SrDNA, ITS2gene sequence, D.gallinae and H.diminuta as out group. In NJ and the ML method D.pavlovskyi andD.marginatus are gathered together, bootstrap values in16SrDNA gene(98,97) bootstrap values in ITS2gene(86,87). D.pavlovskyi and D.marginatus had closest phylogenetic relationship.(Ⅲ) On cattle (yak) serum samples(N=273) that collected these advantages of medium ticks from thenatural grazing area of the breed detected the antibody of Babesia bigemina and Babesia bovis by indirectELISA. The results showed that the Hejing scatter-feeding household was detected yak’s positive rate ofanti-Babesia bovis was18.68%(1791); positive rate of anti-Babesia bigemina was9.89%(991); TheTurpan around scattered-feeding household was detected cattle’s positive rate of anti-Babesia boviswas15.38%(28/182); positive rate of anti-Babesia bigemina was9.34%(17/182). Through the surveyfound that Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina are mixed infections, The yak’s mixed infection rate was6.59%(6/91) in Hejing; The cow’s mixed infection rate was8.24%(15/182) in Turpan.