Building Germplasm Of Artemia And Study On Biological Characteristics

Artemia can be found in more than100nature habitats in China, including the inland salt lakes in9provinces and the coastal saltworks in11provinces, which provide800-1200tons of Artemia cysts (dry product) yearly, mainly harvesting from Aibi, Balikun, Shuanghu and saltworks in Bohai Bay. Artemia is an important marine fish and crustacea larvae.Although many researchers have studied Artemia in-depth, they seldom research the strain of Artemia particularly, which makes it necessary to establish germplasm library for all researchers to study corresponding strains of Artemia. Here, we selected some imported Artemia, including Mongolia,Russia, Kazakhstan and USA, which have high level of market share and high import-quatity. They are KCK、EBT、BY、ULZ、MED、MOG、 MAR、BOR、GSL.After screened9representative strains of Artemia for our research, we determined their bionomics. In addition, Artemia that was selected were collectted by us and were removed contamination, dried in microtherm except strain from USA which was commercial products.We surveyed biometrics of different strains of Artemia, including diameter, length and dry weight of Instar I nauplii and Instar II nauplii.The result shows that is remarkably different in diameter, length and dry weight of Instar I nauplii and Instar II nauplii of different strains.the cysts diameter of tested Artemia strains fluctuate in257.4～271.2μm, diameter of decapsulated cysts reach224.Oμm to245.5μm, shell thickness fluctuate in11.2μm～16.7μm;the length of Instar I nauplii fluctuate in410.5～433.3μm,the length of Instar Ⅱ nauplii fluctuate in472.9～514.2μm, after the first molthing, the length fluctuate in41.0-88.1μm; dry weight of Instar I nauplii reach3.33μg to5.63μg, dry weight of Instar Ⅱ nauplii reach2.71μg to5.03μg, The weight losting rate range from8.55%to18.65%。It shows positive correlation between the cysts diameter of hydrated and decapsulated cysts of tested Artemia strains(R2=0.711)(R2=0.711).There was same relation between dry weight of Instar I nauplii and Instar II nauplii(R2=0.976)Furthermore, we studied hatching properties of different srains of Artemia cysts, including the hatching rate、hatching efficiency、hatching output and so on. The strain having the biggest incubation rate(61.75%)is EBT while the smallest incubation rate(8.70%) is MAR. The hatching efficiency of nine strains range from82723to251530, hatching output of nine strains fluctuate in0.3183～0.7496mg/g.Finally, we analysised the protein content of cysts and nauplii from nine strains. We determined the protein level of deeapsulated cysts and nauplii using Kjeldah method. The result indicates the protein level of Artemia range from42.30%to60.61%while that of nauplii fluctuate in1.75%～53.59%, which shows the protein level of nauplii is lower than that of Artemia. We also determined the fatty acids level of cysts and nauplii by gas chromatograohy method. We find palmitinic acid, curua palm oil,oleinic acid, linolenic acid and linoleic acid have high level in both cysts and nauplii。In dryied Artemia cysts, oleinic acid has the highest proportion except BOR, especially exhibit in KCK and BY which extend25.16%and26.16%, respectively.nauplii having the highest palmitinic acid level is BOR(22.08%) while the lowest one is EBT(10.78%).There aren’t DHA in all strains.