| Saccharum spontaneum L. is a perennial herbal plant that belongs to Saccharum Andropogoneae Gramineae. It distributed widely in the tropical and subtropical area with its high adaptabiliy. Saccharum spontaneum L.,which is one of the original parent of Saccharum cultivated species, also play a important role in Saccharum species improvement. Experiment materials were wild Saccharum spontaneum L. collected from eight provinces in South China. The agronomic traits, ISSR molecular maker, nutrition value,potential energy production, hydrolysis and saccharification and Al resistance were studied to analyze their genetic diversity and evaluate their energy production. The results may provide good materials and theory base for Saccharum breeding and energy plant utilization.The results were as follow:(1)15agronomic traits including number of internodes, height of plant, diameter of stalk, length of leaf and width of leaf etc. were evaluated. The results showed that high diversity was detected on all of the traits with coefficients of variance varying from9.87%to206.37%.Principle component analysis showed that the first7main components made the contribution of86.66%to variation,which offered the basis for the resources selection of breeding. All the materials could be divided into three main groups depending on the results of clustering analysis, and the genetic distance of accessioned Saccharum spontaneum L. had certain connections with its geographical distribution, but not inevitable connections.(2) The ISSR molecular maker was utilized to analyze the genetic diversity of Saccharum spontaneum L..With22ISSR primers,127loci were detected among which121were polymorphic, indicating considerable genetic variations at the species level. The genetic similarity among all accessions ranged from0.60to0.91. These Saccharum spontaneum L. clustered into four groups by UPGMA when GSC was0.72. This study indicated that ISSR produced high polymorphism on Saccharum spontaneum L. and can be used in the study of the molecular evaluation and studies of genetic diversity of the Saccharum spontaneum L. Germplasm.(3) The dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber, ether extract, P and Ca were tested in the present paper. The nutritional quality evaluation by AHP with crude protein, crude fat, Neutral Detergent Fiber, Acid Detergent Fiber, and ether extract as P and Ca showed these germplasms could be clustered into three categories:high, ordinary, and low nutritional quality. The test showed that showed that A49had the highest Nutrition Value, which including32.35%gross dry matter,7.20%crude protein,4.06%crude fat,8.07%Crude ash,75.81%Neutral Detergent Fiber,50.72%Acid Detergent Fiber,0.23%Pand0.23%Ca.(4) The cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, ash content and caloric value of wild Saccharum spontaneum L. resources were determined in this study. The results showed that:the cellulose and hemicellulose content of thirty Saccharum spontaneum L. resources was in the range of41.75%to69.13%, the lignin content was in the range of2.16%to11.75%, the ash content was in the range of4.79%to9.34%, and the caloric value was in the range of16.00to17.69MJ/Kg. Comparing with other plants, the cellulose and hemicellulose contents and caloric values of the Saccharum spontaneum L. resources were higher, while the lignin and ash contents were lower. It indicated that these Saccharum spontaneum L. resources have a great potential as an energy plant for alcohol production. A cluster analysis was also carried on the thirty Saccharum spontaneum L. resources, and finally obtained three clusters which were high energy productivity type, medium energy productivity type and low energy productivity type.(5) The process conditions of normal pressure two-section acid hydrolysis were optimized by single factor orthogonal test. The results showed as follow:the first section was concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis in70%sulphuric acid at55℃for20min., and the ratio of liquid to solid was42:1; the second section was dilute sulphuric acid hydrolysis in5.5%sulphuric acid at100℃for155min, and the ratio of liquid to solid was115:1.The yield of reducing sugar was48.78%in two-stage hydrolysis. The technology of two-stage acid hydrolysis has advantages of moderate condition, simple flow, low pressure, low cost, high reducing sugar yield and broad application prospect.(6) A solution culture test were carried on some high quality varieties or lines of Saccharum spontaneum L.from Southern China for their response to aluminum stress. The results indicated that the aluminum tolerance of these genotypes were significantly different. Comparing their relative tolerance index values and the correlation analysis between them and comprehensive evaluation coefficient, relative dry weight of plant root, relative DW of up-ground plant part and relative plant height could be considered as important indices for screening the aluminum tolerance of Saccharum spontaneum L.. The Aluminum-resistant comprehensive coefficient was also calculated using the critical indices and A13, A20, A23high tolerant genotypes and A31, A24, A50low tolerant genotypes were selected. |
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