Research On Spatial Distribution Pattern And Countermeasures Of Prevention And Control Of Soil Erosion In Tai’an City Based On RS And GIS

This research take the integrated method of quantitative research and qualitativeanalysis,based on geographic space information technology,remote sensing, GPS,construct thedatabase of landuse of Tai’an City, draw the topographic map,slope map, soil type map,vegetation map and so on base on the USLE equation. According to the six environmentalfactors to calculate the modulus of soil erosion in Tai’an City. In accordance with the standardof Ministry of water resources to determine the soil erosion intensity, and launched the city’spattern and countermeasure research on the spatial distribution of soil erosion.The mainresearch results are as follows:(1)The land use data is generated by interpreting the high precision aerial image,establishdetailed class code and land interpretation symbol.The data spectral characteristics of highprecision of image are very obvious,by debugging different spectral combination can clearlyhighlight information features of ground objects and ensure the accuracy of interpretation.Thearticle adopted sampling survey method to improve the interpretation quality evaluation,modify the figure spot omissions, figure spot coverage and so on.(2)The calculation results was compared with the first national water resourcescensus,the two results are basic consistent. Tai’an City strengthen the work of soil and waterloss control recent years,soil erosion has been obviously improved, mild erosion, moderateerosion, and strong erosion area decreased.(3)The micro erosion area of Tai’an City is6159.32square kilometers, accounting for79.35%of the whole domain;mild and above covers an area of1062.68square kilometers,accounting for20.65%of the whole domain, the city is given priority with mild erosion andmoderate erosion.From the horizontal perspective,the average erosion modulus of feichengcity, daiyue district, tai shan district are in the top three, water loss and soil erosion situation isserious. Slope cropland, cultivated land and low coverage grassland are severely afflictedareas in each administrative region, need to strengthen governance.From the vertical point of view,The average altitude of Tai’an does not exceed272m,serious soil erosion areasconcentrated in the low mountain and middle mountain, the two types of landscape area is notbig,but the average erosion modulus is very high.The influence of slope for soil erosion issignificant,the caculation results show that with the increase of slope, soil erosion rate hassoared，the erosion rate of plain area which slope degree less than5is low,Within a range of8-15degree,the erosion rate is as high as86.53%.Slope and erosion intensity into asignificantly positive correlation.(4)The soil erosion of slope cropland is the main erosion types of Tai’an City,but it is alsothe main food production source of Tai’an City. How effective planning the use of slopecropland is a major issue faced by the relevant departments of soil and waterconservation.Reasonably adjust the slope cropland in the area of farming system and furtherstudy of self repair mode of ecological is a good measure.On the other way,environmentalprotection publicity need to be strengthened to realize the harmony of human and nature.