Effects Of Ecology Interception And Ground Mulching On Crop Yield, Quality, Nutrient Uptack And Runoff Loss In Upland Soil

The loss of farmland nutrients are important issues that affect surface water quality, farmland has become one of the main sources of non-point source pollution. A large number of experimental results show that the straw mulching and ecological interception can prevent soil erosion, reduce the content of nutrient in runoff water, improve crop yields and utilization of fertilizer, and maintain soil nutrients effectively. The paper used field plots to study the effects of plants in situ interception and film mulching on yield, quality, nutrient absorption and utilization and nutrient runoff loss in upland soil,The results of this test were as follows:1、Compared to the conventional cropping pattern, mulching and ecological interception could effectively reduce the amount of nutrient loss and the content of nutrient in runoff water and the effect was greater in combination of mulching and kennel. In upland soil planted maize, compared to the treatment of T2,runoff volume of straw mulching, kennel in soybean and straw mulching+kennel in soybean plantation decreased by21.7%,24.2%,39.5%, the loss of total nitrogen, water-soluble nitrogen correspondingly reduced by23%,34.1%,62.2%,31.4%,60.3%,62.2%, the loss of total phosphorus, water-soluble phosphorus, particulate phosphorus,total potassium correspondingly reduced by44.9%,43.9%,54.4%,55.4%,45.7%,67.8%,43.7%,43.6%,52.8%,28.4%,40%,40.9%, and the loss of NH4+-N reduced by40.8%,49.3%,64.4%,respectively. Meanwhile, the straw mulching+kennel treatment in soybean plantation could play more obvious effect on decline of NO3-N loss than that of straw mulching and kennel.2、In upland soil planted cabbage, compared to the treatment of T2, the loss of volume of total nitrogen, water-soluble nitrogen and particulate nitrogen of film mulching, kennel in soybean and film mulching+kennel in soybean plantation correspondingly decreased by59.6%,45.2%,60.5%,55%,41%,55.7%,65.7%,50.8%,66.8%, the loss of NH4+-N and NO3--N correspondingly reduced by93.4%,81.8%,95.8%,71.4%,54.7%,74%,and the loss of total phosphorus, water-soluble phosphorus, particulate phosphorus and total potassium correspondingly reduced by57.4%,42.7%,62.9%,57%,44.6%,62.1%,59.9%,31.7%,67.4%,46.1%,37.8%,46.7%.3、In aspect of amount of nutrients total runoff loss, compared to the conventional cropping pattern, mulching and ecological interception could effectively reduce the amount of nutrient total runoff loss and total runoff. And the blocking effects on runoff and nutrients were good in combination of mulching and kennel than when there were acting alone.4、 Compared to the conventional cropping pattern, mulching and ecological interception increased the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of corn and cabbage, and reduced intercellular CO2concentration. Compared to the treatment of pure fertilizer (T2), mulching and ecological interception had no effect on stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of maize and cabbage leaves.5、compared to the conventional cropping pattern, mulching and ecological interception could significantly improved the yield and quality of corn and cabbage. In agronomic traits of maize, the mulching and ecological interception significantly improved the stick length of corn, but had no effect on coarse rods,kennel weight and plant quality.6、Compared to the conventional cropping pattern, mulching and ecological interception could significantly increase nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium accumulation of aboveground and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium utilization of corn and cabbage. Among them, In upland soil planted maize, the effect of improving the cumulative amount of nitrogen and potassium and utilization were better than the effect of improving the cumulative amount of phosphorus and utilization of mulching, ecological interception mulching+ecological interception; In upland soil planted cabbage, there all had significant difference on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium accumulation of aboveground and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium utilization between mulching and others...