Study On Fertilization Effect Of Mature Ziziphus Jujuba ‘Junzao’ In Aksu

Jujube(Ziziphus jujube Mill) is native to Chinese and a large area of jujube planted in China.Located in the Southern of Xinjiang, Aksu area is abundant in soil heat resources, especially suitable for planting jujube.For a long time, Due to lack of study on mature jujube orchard fertilization strategy in specific types of soils in Aksu area.To pursuit of production,farmers fertilization by experience caused many problem,such as soil pollution, resource waste, yield of annual var iation, the fruit quality is unevenect.Reasonable proportion of NPK fertilization has become one of the important factors restricting the healthy development of the local red jujube industry.Therefore, this survey based Junzao fertility level and management in Aksu area, Choose Aksu mature jujube as the research object and using N, P, K fertilizer application, on the basis of field fertilization exper iment and indoor exper iment, Research the effect of fertilizationon jujube growth,respectively study the effect of deficiencynitrogen, phosphorus, potassium on leaf area, photosynthetic parameters and yield; Then,by carry out the "3414" experiment, study the effects of different fertilization on soil fertility and leaf nutrient accumulation, Finally,through the establishment of fertilizer effect equation,comprehensive established optimum fertilizer rate suitable for the region mature jujube.The main research results are as follows:(1)Aksu Junzao orchard soil fertility level is generally low,The soil organic matter content and available nitrogen content is extremely shortage, the content of available phosphorus, is sufficient, Available potassium content is very rich,available potassium content is very rich,available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, available Fe, Mn and Cu content w ere the main factors affecting the soil fertility in the area of Jun jujube.Through principal component analysis,the proportion of high fertility group is low, only 7.1%, The yield in each park has little change,Jujube range in yield vaule from 400 to 580kg/mu,The low fertility group has high proportion,is 56%, the yield varies greatly in each garden.(2)Through the study of NPK fertilization effect drew the conclusion:Nitrogen deficiency on leaf SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate(Pn), stomatal conductance(Gs), water use efficiency(WUE), the maximum energyconversion efficiency(Fv/Fm) and grain yield effects was very signif icant,phosphorus deficiency treatment take second place,potassium deficiency treatment effect on the indexes is minimum,the effect of fertilization of each index is as follows: N > P > K.(3)Different ratios of N、P、K fertilizer has abig influence in the amount of available N、P、K of soil potassium content and jujube leafnutrient content. Soil nutrient content is higher when the amount of fertilizer is N1791 kg/hm2,P709~2126 kg/hm2,K0~427.5 kg/hm2,leaf nutrient content is higher when the amount of fertilizer is N855~1710 kg/hm2,P709~2126 kg/hm2,K0~855 kg/hm2.(4)Quadratic equation with one unknown is the best choice in addition to quadratic equation with three unknown fitting into mature jujube optimum amount of fertilization,The optimum economic fertilizing by quadratic equation with three unknownis N1642.8kg/hm2,P1055.9 kg/hm2,K784.8 kg/hm2,without considering the interaction of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer,nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer is1508、500、76 kg/hm2,Through the fertilizer effect equation,The amount of fertilizer to obtain the best economic benefit is N1903 kg/hm2,P1100 kg/hm2.(5)Put together the effects of different fertilization treatments on leaf nutrient, soil nutrient and yield,in the clay soil,Suitable for Aksu area’s nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium fertilizer is N1642.8~1903 kg/hm2,P1055~1100 kg/hm2,K76~427.5 kg/hm2.