Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Momordica Charantia Germplasm Resources Based On Phenotypic Traits And SSR、SRAP Makers

Momordica charantia L. originated from tropical regions of the center of India and Burma, and now it is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.In recent years, with the rapid development of production and the plant area is increasing year by year, Momordica charantia has become a very promising gourd vegetable which the future development is wide. In China, the genetic background of Momordica charantia germplasms is relatively narrow for the distribution and evolution of Momordica charantia germplasm resources were affected by cultivation and consumption habits. The research on the germplasm resources are the material basis for genetic improvement of Momordica charantia. In this study, the genetic diversity analysis of 46 Momordica charantia germplasms which some were from domestic and several were foreign varieties based on phenotypic traits, SSR and SRAP markers. And evaluation in the genetic diversity level of Momordica charantia germplasm. The main results showed that:1. The results of investigation and analysis on the 31 phenotypic traits showed that there was great difference in all the phenotypic traits of 46 Momordica charantia. The average coefficient of variation was 28.01%, and the variation coefficient was largest for female flowers(89.96%), and smallest for curvature of blade length(5.39%). Clustering analysis by flexible group average method showed that these 46 Momordica charantia accessions were divided into 4 major groups at the genetic distance of 12.72, and the second group was subdivided into 3 subgroups at the threshold of 10.18.2. 14 pairs polymorphism primers were chosed from 26 SSR primers, and 33 were screened out from 196 SRAP primers. There were 60 polymorphic fragments amplified by SSR primer that obtained 70 bands, with polymorphic rate of 85.71%; 90 by SRAP primer in 637 bands, with polymorphic rate of 14.61%. The average polymorphism information content(PIC) value of SSR marker was 0.322, and SRAP was 0.321.3. The amplification results of SSR and SRAP molecular markers on 46 Momordica charantia germplasm accessions were analysed by NTSYs-pc2.10 e, and the clustering dendrogram was formed by UPGMA method. The result indicated that the genetic similarity coefficient(GS) of 46 Momordica charantia accessions were 0.61~0.97, at the threshold of 0.78 where all the tested materials were divided into 6 major groups by SSR molecular marker; and the GS of 46 Momordica charantia germplasms were 0.58~0.91, at the threshold of 0.745 where all the tested materials were divided into 4 major groups by SRAP molecular marker.4. The clustering analysis of the mergered statistics between SSR and SRAP marker showed that the GS of 46 Momordica charantia germplasms were 0.65 ~0.88, at the threshold of 0.656 when all the tested accessions were divided into 4 groups. The Mantel correlation test showed that the clustering results of SRAP molecular markers were more consistency with the combined clustering results.