Study On Polyloid Inducement Of Spathiphyllum With Colchicine

Spathiphyllum is an herbaceous perennial plant,belonging to the Spathiphyllum of the Araceae family,which is an important indoor ornamental plant in our lives.Now,the single species and weakly disease resistance greatly affected the ornamental value and economic benefits.So it is important to breed new varieties.Polyploid plants have great and high resistance, it can greatly improve its ornamental value and bring more economic benefit in the market.The polyploid breeding of Spathiphyllum is of importantance and broad market prospect. In this experiment, It studies on the polyploid induction of Spathiphyllum,which is the leaves、callus and shoot tip as materials and the colchicine as mutagen; The identification of polyploid by flow cytometry;It analysis that the relationship between genome size and ploidy.The main results are as following:1.It is conducive to inducting the callus of Spathiphyllum,through cuting blade and retains the short petiole.2.Through the colchicine dealing with the leaf of Spathiphyllum for inducting callus.The results show that with treating in the 0.1% of concentration and 5d treatments,the induction rate is the highest,is to 65.33%;The colchicineis treating leafs after preincubating in the iquid culture medium,and is conductive to inducting callus.The leaf callus induced is extremely easy to browning in the differentiation process by colchicine treating.Therefore, the preliminary judgment is that the leaf is not the best material to inducing polyploid for breeding.3.The callus cultured on 48 h, 72 h in the colchicine, found that the treatment group and control group were almost all of browning.The experimental results show that if it uses the callus as material to breeding polyploidy,the colchicine treatment time should be less than 48 h.4.Through the colchicine dealing with the stem tip of Spathiphyllum ‘Tyler Green’for inducting polyploid, the experimental results show that the induction rate is the highest with treating in the 0.1% of concentration among the different concentration of colchicine,is to 40%;Among the different processing time,the induction rate is the highest with treating in the 72 h of treatment,is to 20%.This experiment get two strains pure tetraploid plants and one strains chimera plants.5.Through the colchicine dealing with the different varieties of Spathiphyllum for inducting polyploid, the experimental results show that the different varieties that the induction rate is different.The Spathiphyllum ‘Bright’ are the highest induction rate, up to 67%,the Spathiphyllum ‘Coddy color’is lowest,up to10%;Spathiphyllum floribundum and Spathiphyllum ‘Parrish’are 38%, 30%.The four species of Spathiphyllum floribundum、 Spathiphyllum ‘Coddy color’、Spathiphyllum ‘Parrish’、Spathiphyllum ‘Parrish’ leave each other getting two strains、one strains、two strains、three strains pure tetraploid plants.6.The genome size of 17 varietie of Spathiphyllum is determined by flow cytometry,results show that the average genome size of Spathiphyllum is about 15.71pg;The genome size of Spathiphyllum ‘Sensation’ is the largest,about 20.66pg;The genome size of Spathiphyllum ‘Clevenia’ is the smallest,about 13.48pg;The largest genome size is 1.53 times to the minimum genome size.7.The different ploidy plants of Spathiphyllum,the genome size are different.The genome size of diploid plants of Spathiphyllum ‘Bright’is about 13.55 pg,the tetraploid plants is about 25.25 pg,the tetraploid plant genome size is 1.86 times of the diploid plants;The genome size of diploid plants of Spathiphyllum ‘Parrish’is about 15.39 pg,the tetraploid plants is about 30.31 pg,the tetraploid plant genome size is 1.97 times of the diploid plants.