Genetic Diversity Analysis Of Foreign Mungbean Germplasm Resources

Mungbean is one of the major edible legume in China, but in recently years because of the serious of mixture phenomenon and commercial loss, so we should to bring in foreign resources, broaden the kinship and improve the breeding efficiency of domestic mungbean gremplasm. So we study the genetic diversity of foreign mungbean accessions by agronomic traits and SSR markers. The main results are as follows:1. We studied the genetic diversity of 352 foreign mungbean accessions from 15 countries by evaluating 5 qualitative traits and 10 quantitative traits. The results showed that there was a high level of genetic variation in 15 morphologic traits among 338 mungbean accessions except 14 accessions that could not mature for the reason of geography and climate. The genetic diversity index of leaf shape (0.69) and young stem color (0.69) were the highest in the five qualitative traits and length of straight (2.08) and 100 seed-weight (2.07) were the highest in the ten quantitative traits. UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 338 mungbean accessions were classified into 6 groups and the average yield distinctively different between groups. The Group 5 have some traits of early maturity, short stem and large grains, these accessions could be used for reference in the hybridization breeding. The mungbean accessions in Philippines, Indonesia, ARC-AVRDC, Korea, India, the United States and Russia had different characteristics and showed abundant genetic diversity; The diversity index of Russia was the highest, In contrast, the diversity index of Korea was the lowest; The accessions in Indonesia had the highest number of stem node, seeds per pod, pods number per plant and grain yield per plant and the lowest growth period, they were early-maturing, large seed sand high yield, and could be used for some basic breeding materials in our country. The accessions in seven countries were divided into 3 groups based on UPGMA, group 1 included some mungbean accessions in Indonesia group 2 included some mungbean accessions in Korea, group 3includedthe rest of 5 populations. It indicated that there were some relationships between population traits and geogeaphical origin.2.32 mungbean accessions were used to screen SSR markers what were from 864 EST-SSR mungbean primers development from transcriptome sequencing,34 mungbean primers,6 adzuki bean primers and 45 common bean primers development from magnetic beads enrichment. The results showed that 58 primers can swell out clear and polymorphic bands, including 23 EST-SSR primers,30 mungbean SSR primers,2 aduki bean primers and 3 commen bean primers.3. By used of 58 primers to analysis the genetic diversity of 352 foreign and 27 domesric in all 379 mungbean accessions found that a total of 194 alleles were identified with the average of 3.38 and the average of PIC was 0.3595, other 8 rare allelic variations and one unique variation were identified.8 mungbean groups from different areas were used to analysis the genetic diversity. The study found that in the number of PIC except of east Asia (0.2118), other foreign mungbean groups were all higher than that of China and the Russian’s PIC value (0.3722) was the highest, so Russian mungbean resources have aboundant genetic diversity. UPGMA clustering found that 8 groups can be divided into 4 categories:A group included south east Asia, ARC-AVRDC, south Asia Russia and the United States; B group was east Asia; Group C was Chinese; Group D was mixed groups. The relative of Russis and the United States germplasm were close and east Asia mungbean resources had unique variations.