Characteristics And Division Of Forest Fuel Types In Heicha Mountain National Nature Reserve Areas

This thesis using the method that combines traditional forest fuel type classification with Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Prediction System (FBP) simulation. Researched and investigated the main characteristics of forest fuel, the characteristics of forest fire behavior and forest fuel types in Heicha Mountain National Nature Reserve.The results show:(1) By measuring the characteristic indicators, such as the fuel load, initial rate of spread, flame height and relative moisture content of forest fuel in research areas. The analysed results indicate that the heaviest fuel load is Larix princiois-rupprechti south-facing slope forest (2.94kg/m2) and the lightest is Betula platyphylla forest(0.48kg/m2). The fastest initial rate of spread is shurb half south-facing slope forest(0.87m/min) and the slowest is Betula platyphylla half shady-facing slope forest(0.21m/min). The highest flame height is Betula platyphylla shady-facing slope forest(0.60m) and the lowest is Populus shanxiensis half shady-facing slope forest(0.20m). The maximun relative moisture content is Betula platyphylla shady-facing slope forest(53.47%) and the minimum is mixed coniferous and broad south-facing slope forest(14.89%).(2) The forest fuel have four forest fire danger rating and nine kinds of fuel types in research areas. The forest fire danger rating including the type of easiest burn, easier burn, harder burn and hardest burn. The fuel types including shurb forest, Quercus liaotungensis forest, Pinus tabuliformis south-facing slope forest, mixed coniferous and broad south-facing slope forest, Populus shanxiensis forest, Betula platyphylla forest, Pinus tabuliformis shady-facing slope forest, mixed coniferous and broad shady-facing slope forest and Larix princiois-rupprechti forest.(3) Comparison of the forest fuel types for Heicha Mountain National Nature Reserve and Canadian Forest Fire Behavior Predication System. The analysed results show that the Pinus tabuliformis shady-facing slope forest is similar to the type of C-5, the Larix princiois-rupprechti forest is similar to the type of C-6, the Pinus tabuliformis south-facing slope forest is similar to the type of C-7, the Populus shanxiensis forest, Betula platyphylla forest and Quercus liaotungensis forest are similar to the type of D-1, the mixed coniferous and broad south-facing slope forest is similar to the type of M-2, the mixed coniferous and broad shady-facing slope forest is similar to the type of M-4, the shurb forest is similar to the type of O-1 b. Altogether seven types are apply to the FBP system.(4) Using the FBP system to predicated the fire behavior of forest fuel type in Heicha Mountain National Nature Reserve. The results indicate that the shurb forest is fastest rate of spread(19m/min), highest head fire intensity(3428kw/m), the largest elliptical fire area(160.1hm2) and highest rate of perimeter growth(51). However the largest total fuel consumption is Pinus tabuliformis south-facing slope forest(2.7kg/m2) and the lowest is shurb forest(0.6kg/m2).(5) For the predication result of FBP system that we can know the method of FBP system is essentially in agreement with traditional method. And the fire behavior in south-facing slope is acuter than the shady-facing slope at the same forest fuel type. The Larix princiois-rupprechti forest is not suit for the type of C-6. There are no correlation between the total fuel consumption and slope.(6) Finally, according to two methods, present the management for prevention of forest fire on the basis of the characteristics and division of fores fuel and the predication of forest fire in research areas. Including established transportation network for prevention of forest fire, adjusted the stand structure, clear up the fuels on the forest floor, thinning modest, introduction of fungi in the forest floor to reduce the flammability of fuel and increase monitoring efforts and other measures.