Investigation Of Four Pathogens In Sheep From Part Areas In Three Provinces,China

Diarrhea of sheep and goats is the disease which caused by a variety of pathogens, and lead the animals to appeare the main symptom of diarrhea. It has already become a strong factor of hindering development of sheep industryon affecting the population of sheep breeding speed and economic lose, so it should be highly attentioned.The factors causing diarrhea in sheep and goats is complex, parasitic and bacterial pathogensare the key factors. Cryptosporidium, Giardia and Coccidiosis are common parasitic pathogens distributed worldwide caused diarrhea in sheep and goats, however, diarrhea caused by the bacterial pathogen, Clostridium welchii and Salmonella, play central role in the most cases. Sheep and goats are susceptible to pathogens mentioned above, and gastrointestinal diarrhea symptoms impact on lamp early growth and development seriously.In order to understand the epidemic status of three diarrheal pathogens in sheep and goats, and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of diarrheal disease, a total of 553 sheep fecal samples were collected according to different areas and feeding mode from total 13 sheep farms, there localed in Henan, Anhui, Shaanxi Province respectively, total 11 farms of Henan were selected, they are Zhengzhou, Dengfeng, Zhongmu, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Xinmi, Changge, Anyang, Nanyang, Pingdingshan, one farm was selected from Hefei and Shaanxi Province respectively. These samples were treated by microscopic examination firstly, Results show that the total infection rate was 88.61% among the Eimeria, in which the highest one was 100%, and the lowest is 67.31%, the maximum intensity of infection was 4200000(OPG), the infection rate of Cryptosporidium, Giardia infection rate was 1.27%, 3.25% respectively. Three pathogens, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Clostridium welchii, were detected using PCR method from feces DNA,50 of 553 samples of Cryptosporidium positive were detected by nested-PCR based on SSUr RNA locus were detected 39 and 13 isolates of Giardia and Clostridium welchii were found based on the nested-PCR of 16 Sr RNA and PCR of alpha toxin gene respectively. Cryptosporidium,Giardia,Clostridium welchii infection rates were 9.04%(50/553),7.05%(39/553) and 2.35%(13/553) respectively; The kids infection rate of Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Clostridium welchii was significantly higher than that of adult, the sinfection rates of three pathogens were 13.02%(41/315), 8.25%(26/315), 2.86%(9/315), however, adult infection rates were 4.04%(8/198), 6.57%(13/198), 2.02%(4/198) respectively; free-range sheep and goat infection rates of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and Clostridium perfringens were 31.34%(21/67), 7.46%(5/67), 5.97%(4/67), while, that of stall-feeding were 5.97%(29/486), 7%(34/486), 1.85%(9/486); Sheep infection rate of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and Clostridium perfringens of sheep were 9.28%(31/334), 8.08%(27/334), 3.59%(12/334), while that ofgoat were 8.68%(19/219), 5.48%(12/219), 0.46%(1/219) respectively, these data means that the infection rates of sheep were higher than that of goats in different diarrleal pathogens.In order to determine the species, type of different diarrheal pathogens, the positive samples which detected by PCR on different loci and methods were sequenced and blasted in NCBI to find sequences similar to objective one, then the reference sequences were download and compared using Clustal X 2.11 software. In this study, 3 Cryptosporidium species were identified, they are C. ubiquitum(N = 27), C.xiaoi(N = 19), C. parvum(N = 4) respectively; Two Giardia lamblia assemblage were fonud, they are Assemblage A(N = 1) and E(N = 38); Clostridium welchii was identified and belonged to type A(N = 9), type C(N = 2) and type D(N = 2) respectively. There are more attention should be paid to these zoonotic pathogens, C. ubiquitum C. parvum, Giardia Assemblage A and Clostridium perfringens type A, C.This study shows that sheep and goats diarrheal pathogens exists in all ages and feeding mode generally, diseases these pathogens caused has affected the sheep industry’s economic and healthily development seriously in our country, and the zoonotic parasites and bacterial pathogens exist as a potential threat to human health. Therefore, an accurate method of diagnosis on is should be used for important diarrheal pathogen detection as soon as possible, effective and comprehendsive prevention measures should be takenbased on detection data too. This study provides technology method and reference for the diarrheal disease diagnosis and prevention of sheep and goats.