| The Objective of this study is to provide a scientific basis of understanding the characteristics of community structure, diversity and seasonal dynamics of soil mites in different habitats in the plain area of Manas river basin. Comparison was conducted among the community structure in different habitats by the means of the community diversity, MGP analysis,cluster, two-dimensional,and CCA analysis.The main results as follows:1) A total of 24 797 soil mites were captured and classified into 4 orders,70 families, 88 genera, respectively.Among which the dominant groups included Ceratozetes, Oribatula, Holostaspella and Aleuroglyphus,and account for 51.12% of total collections.Oppiella,Camisia,Rhysotritia,Epilohmannia,Trhypochthonius, Tectocepheus, Zygoribatula, Scheloribates, Ololaelaps, Uroplitella, Pachvlaelaps, Ameroseius and Phytoseius etc and the other 13 groups were common groups and accounted for 37.91% of totals, Galumna, Epidamaeus, Belba, Nothrus, Pergalumna, Quadroppia etc and the other 71 groups were belonged to the rare groups and they were only accounted for 10.97%.2) There were significant differences of composition,individual and diversity of soil mites communities among the 6 different habitats in the plain area of Manas river basin(p<0.05), the sequences of individual numbers were artificial forest(7 503,30.26%)> shrubland(5 847,23.57%)>(4 614,18.60%)> grapery(3 080,12.42%)> vegetableland(1 904,7.68%)> farmland(1849,7.46%)and the orders of group number were natural were artificial forest(64,72.72%),farmland(42,47.72%),grassland(53,60.22%),grapery(44,50%),vegetableland(54,61.36%),shrubland(56,62.5%).The vertical distribution of the individuals and groups were mainly lived in the layer of 0~5 cm in the soil profile, with the increasing depth of soil layers, the number of individuals and groups of soil mites were gradually declined.There were a significant differences within seasonal variation in the composition and individuals of soil mites community(p<0.05), and the sequences of seasonal dynamics of individual numbers of the soil mites were September > April > July > November.3)The sequences of Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H)were:artificial forest> shrubland > grapery > farmland > grassland > vegetableland Margalef abundance index(M)were:shrubland > artificial forest > vegetableland > grassland > farmland > grapery. Pielou uniformity index(P)were:artificial forest > grapery > shrubland > farmland > grassland > vegetableland. Simpson dominance index(S) were: vegetableland > grassland > farmland > grapery > shrubland > artificial forest.4) The MGPⅠanalysis indicated that artificial forest, farmland, grassland, grapery,and shrubland were O type, the vegetableland was MG type. MGPⅡanalysis showed that artificial forest, grapery, shrubland were MP type, artificial forest, farmland, vegetable land were P type, and grassland was M type.5) Jaccard similarity index showed that the level of the similarities of the soil mites in the different habitats were moderately similar(0.50~0.70).But similarity index between the grapery and artificial forest, grapery and grassland were much similar(0.75~1.00).6) The cluster result of soil mite communities in the 6 habitats could be classified into 4 types. The grapery, farmland,and vegetableland could be classified into one type-.cultivation environment type; The artificial forest, grassland,and shrubland were classified into 3 separate groups, such as the forest environment type, the grassland environment type and the shrubbery environment type.7)The CCA analysis of relationships between the soil factors and soil mite communities at different habitats indicated that some soil mites have better resistance to arid environment( drought) in the studied area. A comprehensive analysis of the study shows that humidity, vegetation and soil differences are the main factors influencing soil mite communities in that area. |
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