| The analysis of the relationship between the artificial irrigation and drainage technology and landscape pattern change, has the vital significance to the stability and development of oasis in arid area. Selecting Manasi River Watershed as study area, using remote sensing and geographic information system technology, the Manasi River Watershed topographic map in 1960. remote sensing image in 1976, 1989, 1997, 2006, 2013 and history of the construction of water conservancy projects such as distribution of the original data, get 5 artificial irrigation canal classification of land use vector diagram and vector 6, the percentage of landscape area and the calculation of artificial irrigation canal length index and characterization of landscape pattern, land net arable land coefficient of farmland landscape with the highest degree of advantage, cultivated land, saline land and desert shrub of the perimeter area ratio.Irrigation technology has experienced a flood irrigation, furrow irrigation, border irrigation, drip irrigation under film development, the area of cultivated land in the study area, the area of saline alkali soil, great changes have taken place in the area of desert shrub. Cultivated land area from 1882.25km2 in 1960 to 6532.84km2 in 2013, and the quality and the yield is increased, the area of saline alkali soil reduced from 3024.84km2 in 1976 to 938.78km2 in 2013, desert shrub forest area decreased from 6552.1km2 in 1960 to 2907.66km2 in 2013. Corresponding to the irrigation development has experienced the process of earth dam seepage control of canal plus, plastic film, U cement waterproofing and advanced drip irrigation system of plastic pipe, which makes the research of the utilization coefficient of irrigation water increased dramatically; alkali technology from the land surrounding a alkali dry method to open channel discharge alkali method, to a large extent control of the secondary salinization of soil. Irrigation and drainage technology has been further development, the change of landscape pattern driving. Many scholars analyzed the oasis land use and land cover change and its landscape pattern change, ecological security and ecological effects of the use of remote sensing and GIS technology, and studied the driving mechanism, the quantitative analysis of the landscape pattern change, but in the analysis of driving mechanism and ecological effect is mainly on the macro analysis qualitative or semi quantitative, lack of specific changes(characteristics) for further analysis, such as the impact of technological progress on the oasis landscape pattern and specific to the irrigation technology progress in oasis landscape pattern evolution of cultivated land distribution function, a thorough analysis of these problems, the main use of multivariate stepwise regression analysis method, analysis study, will contribute to the comprehensive understanding of the oasis sustainable development and puts forward the measures of oasis farmland management maneuverability, stability, provide a reliable basis for the oasis in arid area oasis agricultural development, the main research content and results are:1.Application of drip irrigation, dry, branch, bucket, agricultural drainage length as the independent variable, dependent variable is cultivated land, saline land and desert shrub forest area, using multiple stepwise regression analysis, in order to explore the effect of artificial oasis irrigation technology in arid area of watershed landscape pattern change. The study of the relationship between irrigation and the area of arable land, saline alkali land, the regression equation of agricultural channel length and area of cultivated land is y=0.43x+7.38(r2=0.90, n=33, p=0), the regression equation of agricultural drainage and saline alkali land area is y=-3.99x+6.00,(r2=0.95, n=5, p=0), shows that the Manasi River watershed landscape pattern distribution by irrigation canal spatial decision, especially agricultural drainage distribution pattern and length; application of drip irrigation technology, the spatial information of drip irrigation pipe network can not be implemented, so select the utilization coefficient of irrigation water increased to determine indirectly, drip irrigation system is the most important factor in the independent variable, the utilization coefficient of irrigation water increased from 0.38 in 1960 to 0.65 in 2010, that application of drip irrigation technology, oasis landscape pattern change depends on the length of pipeline irrigation system and its application.2. The internal structure of the net arable land coefficient as index to analyze the landscape pattern of cultivated land. Net arable land coefficient is defined as net arable land patch amount calculated cultivated land gross area proportion, the measurement of net arable land coefficient is sporadic non cultivated land to land in the ridge, Tian Kan and the other can not draw the deduction, to calculate the net land area accurately. In the distribution of oasis landscape space, the oasis is divided into upper, middle, lower, the high-resolution images to extract net arable land coefficient of 27 sample plots, to analyze the change of net arable land coefficient, oasis in space, spatial distribution of net arable land coefficient is lower than the upper of oasis, oasis in the middle, the analysis of the driving force for the artificial irrigation and drainage system, including reservoir irrigation system and irrigation, drainage and alkali alkali flat alkali discharge system... |
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