Study On Kidney Injury Of Kidney By Combined Melamine And Cyanuric Acid

Melamine and cyanuric acid are two kinds of chemical raw materials, can not be added to the feed. But in recent years,due to industrial pollution, the production of feed, veterinary medicine raw materials and environmental enrichment factors, melamine and cyanuric acid are often found in the feed, bring a serious security risk to animal.In order to further clarify the melamine combined with cyanuric acid to the chicken kidney injury and provide experimental basis, the 144, 7 day old chickens were randomly divided into three groups, the control group was fed basal diet, low dose group were fed with [(30 mg melamine +10 mg cyanuric acid) /kg] feed, high dose group were fed with [50 mg melamine+16.7 mg cyanuric acid) /kg] feed. In six weeks after the start of the experiment, chickens in the control group, the low dose group and the high dose group were killed weekly(8 chickens/group/times)by cervical dislocation.Remove the kidney, expressed by nitrite method for the determination of TSOD activity, thiobarbituric acid reaction method for the determination of the content of MDA, HE staining method, the cell apoptosis Hoechst 33258 staining method, the sections of dye fluorescence spectrophotometer analysis method for quantitative detection of Caspase-3 activity and immunohistochemistry to detect GRP78 protein to study the combination of melamine and cyanuric acid the chicken kidney damage. The following results were obtained:1.All of the experimental group chickens, the activity of T-SOD in kidney mean lower than that of the control group. The test of first to fifth weeks, the experimental group and the control group compared the difference was not significant(P>0.05), and in the sixth week trial, the high dose group of chicken group the activity of T-SOD in kidney was significantly lower than that of the control group(mean P<0.05); the content of MDA in all experimental groups were higher than those in the control group,among them, third to sixth weeks(sixth weeks in experimental group, low dose group except) the mean content of MDA were significantly higher than those in control group(P < 0.01). The results show that the combination of the two can chicken kidney induced oxidative damage, there is a certain relationship with the dose and time.2.Low dose group: first weeks and third weeks of renal tubular epithelial cell swelling, mild lesions; sixth weeks can be seen in renal tubular epithelial cell degeneration, cellular nucleus concentrated.High dose group: first weeks third weeks minor lesions, swelling, renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis. Sixth weeks of renal tubular epithelial cells in cell nucleus disintegration, pale staining, condensed nuclei disappeared; epithelial cells and basement membrane, cells shed into the lumen; renal interstitial capillary dilatation and associated with mild hemorrhage. The results show that the combination of the two can lead to pathological damage of chicken kidney, mainly in renal tubular injury, can cause cell degeneration, necrosis and apoptosis.3.Test sixth weeks the number of apoptotic cells in experimental group compared with the control group increased significantly; the activity of Caspase-3 in kidney tissue of the experimental group chickens was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05). The results show that the combination of the two can increase the activity of Caspase-3 induced by chicken kidney tissue, resulting in the number of apoptotic cells increased.4.In the experiment of sixth weeks, the expression of GRP78 protein in experimental group of melamine and cyanuric acid combined with weight compared with the control group increased significantly(P < 0.01). The results showed that two were combined with the expression of GRP78 protein can induce chicken kidney cells increased significantly, and reveals the existence of the endoplasmic reticulum stress reaction.