The Vegetable Quality Evaluation Of Perennial Buckwheat

The flavonoid, γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA), total dietary fiber(TDF), water-soluble dietary fiber(WSDF), non-water-soluble dietary fiber(NSDF), Vitamin C(VC), Vitamin E(VE), soluble protein(SP) and soluble sugar(SS) contents in different parts of stems at different seasons among 23 accessions(include 19 accessions of F. megaspartanium, 3 accessions of F. pilus and 1 accession of F. urophyllum) of three common perennial buckwheat species from Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan and Tibet were determined, and their intraspecific and interspecific variations in different parts of stems(the top 5 sections of stems) at different seasons were analyzed and studied, in order to evaluate their vegetable quality and develop quality varieties. The main results were as follows:1. The average contents of flavones in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 4.76%-8.20% with the range of 2.08%-10.16%.There were not significant differences among 3 seasons. F. megaspartanium had significantly higher flavones contents than F. pilus.2. The average contents of GABA in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 0.67‰-1.14‰ with the range of 0.48‰-1.67‰. In spring, there were higher GABA contents than those in summer and autumn. There were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and. F. pilus.3. The average contents of TDF in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 52.3%-61.74% with the range of 47.09%-64.14%. In autumn, there were higher TDF contents than those in spring and summer. F. pilus had significantly higher TDF contents than F. megaspartanium.The average contents of NSDF in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 44.05%-57.02% with the range of 37.84%-59.87%. In autumn, there were higher NSDF contents than those in spring and summer. F. pilus had significantly higher NSDF contents than F. megaspartanium.The average contents of WSDF in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 4.62%-8.92% with the range of 3.18%-12.30%. In spring, there were higher WSDF contents than those in summer and autumn. There were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and. F. pilus in spring and summer. However, F. megaspartanium had significantly higher WSDF contents than F. pilus.4. The average contents of VC in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 1.48mg/100g-5.53mg/100 g with the range of 1.31mg/100g-5.81mg/100 g. In autumn, there were higher VC contents than those in spring and summer. There were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and F. pilus.5. The average contents of VE in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 2.18mg/100g-7.04mg/100 g with the range of 2.05mg/100g-7.41mg/100 g. In autumn, there were higher VE contents than those in spring and summer. There were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and F. pilus.6. The average contents of SP in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 1.53%-2.81% with the range of 1.41%-3.50%. For F. megaspartanium,there were higher SP contents in summer and autumn than in spring. But for F. pilus, there were not significant differences among 3 seasons. In spring, there were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and F. pilus. In summer, F. megaspartanium had significantly higher SP contents than F. pilus. And in autumn, F. megaspartanium had significantly higher SP contents than F. pilus.7. The average contents of SS in 5 sections of stems among perennial buckwheat are 6.95%-15.62% with the range of 5.04%-18.91%. For F. megaspartanium, there were higher SS contents in spring than in summer and autumn. For F. pilus,there were not significant differences among 3 seasons. There were not significant differences between F. megaspartanium and F. pilus.8.The contents of flavonoid, GABA, WSDF, VC, VE, SP, and SS decrease with decrease of section position from top to bottom on all perennial buckwheat plants. But the NSDF contents increased from top to bottom and the TDF contents first increased and then decreased.9. The accessions of F.megaspartanium 13C-15, C14-1, M1 and 13C-11 had higher contents of nutrition and healthcare components than the others in the top 2-3 sections of stems and could be developed as the new varieties for vegetable.