Study On The Technical System Of Stem Section And Embryo Culture In Hybrid Hazelnut

The hazelnut was an important tree in north ecological-economic forest construction. The Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana hybrids developed due to the big-fruit type varieties and higher cold resistance. But the layerage seedling of cross-filbert can not supply production demand since low layering propagation ratio. It is important that rapid propagation by tissue culture. The focuses were establishment the technical system of stem section and embryo culture of hybrid hazelnut. The stems and embryos of Corylus heterophylla×C.avellana hybrids were used for materials to establish the technique system of tissue culture. The study of stems in vitro culture included: collecting period, basic medium, difference among genotypes and developmental stages for germination, subculture, rooting and transplanting. The study of immature embryo in vitro culture included: the selection of embryonic callus, the inducement of embryoid. The appearance and growing of embryoid were observed through paraffin slices of callus. The primary studies of browning reasons and methods for preventing browning were approached. The results were as follows:1. The middle of May was the opportune collecting time which have the lower contamination and the higher rate of germinating buds.2. The germinating rate and morphogenic were significantly difference among genotypes. The'KuiXiang'have the highest germinating rate, it reaches up to 68.67% and germinates earlier with either vigorous or healthy.3. The basic medium was DKW; Medium DKW+TDZ 1.5 mg/L+IBA 0.01 mg/L was optimal for differentiation; The effective medium for rooting was 1/2 MS+NAA 0.1 mg/L, the rooting rate was up to 90%; After 2-3 weeks the survival rate was up to 90% when the plants had been transplanted in a mixture of vermiculite and peat (1:1).4. The callus induction of immature embryo culture were significantly difference among genotypes. During inducing embryonic callus the optimum medium was MS+KT 0.5 mg/L +NAA 0.2 mg/L +2,4-D 0.5 mg/L or MS+ KT 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L +2,4-D 0.2 mg/L. During the inducing of embryoid, the culture mediums with different regulator concentrations were used, finally the culture medium with the highest of inducement frequency was MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L.5. It was observed from the sections that the embryoids derived either from the cell or the cell mass on the surface of the callus, or from the cell or cell mass in the deep inner part of...