Study On The Ecological Control Of Fishery Waters In Subsidence Area Of Coal Mine

As a kind of energy and mineral resources, mineral coal provided the material basis in economic development, social production and brought the wealth to the society. At the same time, it brought a series of environmental problems, and even affected people’s daily work and life. With the increasing degree of coal, a large area of subsidence formed. The coal mining subsidence area not only brought the destruction of a large number of land resourcesand natural ecological landscape, it would seriously affect people’s daily life and production and even the development of the national economy. In recently years, the use of coal mine subsidence area of fishery resources was increasing continuously in the field of aquaculture. And then the water environment issues of coal mine subsidence area were also of concern. So it became more and more important to study the collapse area water environment regulation of fishery waters.This paper selected the representative fishery utilization waters in the coal mining subsidence area in Shandong Province. In the first place, the water quality investigation of aquaculture ponds in the subsidence waters was carried on. And the status of water quality and the eutrophication of the water body were judged. The purification effect experiment which used the combination of biological floating bed repair mode was carried on in the subsidence aquaculture pond in Yutai County Haoyang Ecological Technology Co., Ltd.breeding base. The experiment provided data support to the collapse of the ecological culture and the efficient water-saving.We choosed three representative subsidence waters for use in the coal mining subsidence area fishery utilization in July 2013 to September 2013. They were Zoucheng Beisu cultivation area in Jining 、 Luwa breeding area in Yutai and Binhu aquaculture area in Tengzhou. The water environment monitoring had been carried on.The monitoring contents included total nitrogen(TN), ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO3--N), nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N), total phosphorus(TP), p H value,dissolved oxygen(DO), chemical oxygen demand(COD), temperature. According tothe monitoring datas the water quality was analyzed and evaluated from different angles.Combined ecological floating bed purification experiments had been taken in Yutai breeding base in July 2013 to September 2013. The purification effect of combination strengthened system which combined with aquctic plant and different concentrations of probiotics on nitrogen and phosphorus in eutropic aquaculture water were studied.Aquaculture pond water control experiments of the wetland purification system were taken in the breeding base in May 2014 to September 2014. An aquatic plants-benthic creatures system in pond was established by adding Margarya melanioides and three different coverage areas of Potamogeton crispus.The experiment studied the purification effect of the aquatic plants-benthic creature purification system on nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants of aquaculture pond water and sediment interstitial water.Through research, the following results are obtained.(1)By using the monitoring of fishery water area environment and data analysis of the subsidence area, it showed that divided from tropic degree water area of Zoucheng coalmine and Tengzhou coalmine belonged to eutropic. Yutai coalmine was heavy eutropic. Water area of Yutai coalmine and Tengzhou coalmine could reach Ⅴ class standard, and water area of Zoucheng coalmine reached Ⅳ class standard. Biological water quality evaluation results showed that Yutai subsidence waters and Tengzhou subsidence waters belonged to polysaprobic zone. And Zoucheng subsidence water belonged to α- pollution belt.(2)The water quality purifying effect of aquatic plant and probiotics was significantly better than that of the aquatic group; The effect on removal of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), COD, ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N), nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N) were different, when the aquatic plant combined with different concentrations probiotics. Through synergic actions, the probiotics and Pistia stratiotes could not only decrease TP, NH4+-N and NO2--N contents in the eutrophic water, but also suppress increase in TN and COD contents.(3)The findings indicate that the fortified aquatic plants-microorganisms system is an effective in-situ biological purification system for eutrophic rearing water. The added compound probiotics preparation is 3×104cfu·m L-1in concentration, When theoptimum aquatic plant coverage of the water is 20%.(4)Removing effect of Potamogeton crispus and Margarya melanioides on Nitrogen and Phosphate etc. of aquaculture ponds water and sediment was better than that of the benthic creatures group. The effect on removal of total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), COD, ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N), nitrite nitrogen(NO2--N) were different, when Margarya melanioides combined with different coverage areas of Potamogeton crispus. Through synergic actions, Potamogeton crispus and Margarya melanioides could decrease TN, TP, NH4+-N and NO2--N contents in the ponds.(5) The purification system of different aquatic plants in constructed wetland had a certain purification effect of TN, NH4+-N, NO2--N, TP etc.of aquaculture pond water and sediment interstitial water. When the wetland system had different aquatic planting area, the purification effect of TN, NH4+-N, NO2--N, TP etc. of aquaculture pond water and sediment interstitial water would different. It had certain economic and ecological benefits to create a wetland system on intensive pond with suitable planting area of aquatic plants.