Microsatellite Markers For Genetic Background Analysis And Genetic Evaluation System Establishment Of Two Conservation Carp(Cypriuns Carpio) Varieties

Now in our country freshwater raise species,carp species(strain) the largest and most concentrated, some are unique to our species. After a long period the artificial and natural selection carp species not only has the phenotypic polymorphism, but also in the biochemical and genetic population structure also showed high polymorphism and heterozygosity, which both use and breeding of carp heterosis provides a wealth of raw materials. Also the stability have brought great difficulty.Through the study of carp population genetic diversity and genetic structure,and molecular marker assisted breeding in production,in order to protect the germplasm resources of carp.At the same time, improve the development of germplasm evaluation of various genetic indexes, characteristics, reveal the germplasm resources genetic development and evolution rules and ultimately achieve depth excavation on important germplasm resources for breeding result accurate and objective evaluation,to promote the healthy, stable aquatic seed industry in China and sustainable development.The genetic background of the new breeding variety that Yi bu carp was studies by microsatellite loci. In this study:The sequences of 30 microsatellite loci were amplified by PCR useing the genetic DNA of 96 Yibu common carp as templates,according to the genotype of the use of biological software for analysis of the genetic diversity. The study showed that in the 96 sampled individuals,154 alleles were detected,the number of allele at each locus ranged from 3 to 9,the average number of effective allele is 4.0607.The expected heterozygosity varied from0.5969 to 0.8710,and the average is 0.7400.The polymorphic information content(PIC) ranged from 0.6280 to0.8550,and the average was 0.7022.The results indicated rich polymorphism information content and large genetic diversity in the population. Hardy-weinberg equilibrium analysis showed that the population was in disequilibrium mode,which indicated that artificial selection had a great effect on the population.The average fixation index(FIS) was-0.0410 indicated that heterozygote excess existed in the population.Bottleneck analysis illustrated that the population has experienced bottleneck effect recently.The effective population size was 64.2 with linkage disequilibrium method.The study illustrated that the variety has rich genetic diversity,but the population structure was disequilibrium and bottleneck effect has happened. Therefore,it’s necessary to strengthen protection work, to maintain its rich diversity and economic traits.The genetic background of Song pu mirror F8 carp was studies with 50 polymorphic microsatellite loci.This study randomly selected 200 individual Song pu mirror F8 carp,and the PIT marks on all selected individuals.The genetic structure of a new breeding variety of quality carp was studied using 50 polymorphic microsatellite loci.The study showed that the colonial average number of alleles was 4.9600 and the effective of alleles was 2.4708.The average of expected heterozygosity(He) was 0.5145.The average of polymorphic information content(PIC) was 0.4576. The results indicated rich polymorphism information content and large genetic diversity in the population.The analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium indicated that 32 loci had deviated from equilibrium, and the cause of this kind of deviation phenomenon might come from artificial selection.The estimation of effect population size(Ne) and bottleneck gave the results that Ne was 22.5 and bottleneck effect had occurred recently.The aim of the study was to discover the genetic structure of the new variety,which would be important for the protection and utilization of the germplasm In this study, the genetic variation of Song pu mirror carp breeding populations F8 analyze a preliminary understanding of the genetic structure of the population, and provide theoretical support for further breeding Song pu mirror carp through.The genetic structure and genetic diversity by 3 different breeds of common carp. Establish different sample sizes and marker numbers to analyze most genetic parameters including population alleles distribution,effect allele numbers(Ae),expected heterozygosity(He) and polymorphism information content(PIC).As a result,we suggested that when microsatellite markers were used to estimate genetic diversity of population the minimum loci number and sample size are needed to exceed 25 and 50. In order to estimate the genetic structure of effective breed size the minimum loci number and sample size are needed to exceed 22 and 60. In addition, the number of microsatellite markers and polymorphism level also have a little effect on the estimation of population genetic structure.So,we suggested that and sample size is more than 60 and the numbers of markers is more than 25 when using microsatellite markers to estimate population genetic structure.