The Genetic Diversity Of The Conservation Population In Common Carp And Carp Infected CyHV-3Transcriptome

With the increase of human demand for carp, high-density intensive farmingbecame the main breeding ways, but once this way of farming would be a massiveinfection disease or death, seriously affected the healthy, stable and sustainabledevelopment of carp industry. And drug treatment effect is not obvious and theecological environment and cause pollution, thus disease-resistant breeding of carpinfected CyHV-3transcriptome research become the effective way to fundamentallysolve the problem. Accompanied by molecular breeding technology constantlyimprove, make the fish varieties constantly, and the protection of its germplasmresources work is too limited to keep up with speed. Although the application ofmolecular markers in fish population genetics has already been mature, such as SSR、SNP, Studying on the Genetic Diversity of the Conservation Population in carp is veryless. So the study of the population genetic structure must be increased to ensure thestability of breeding base, disease-resistant breeding further in order to fundamentallysolve the dangers of disease in aquaculture.The genetic structure of the new breeding variety that was Songpu red mirrorcarp was studies with35polymorphic microsatellite loci．The study showed that inthe91sampled individuals，166alleles were detected，the number of allele at eachlocus ranged from3to6，the average number of effective allele is3.0426. Theexpected heterozygosity varied from0.3750to0.8274, and the average is0.6493. Thepolymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from0.396to0.912, and the averagewas0.5869. The results indicated rich polymorphism information content and largegenetic diversity in the population. Hardy-weinberg equilibrium analysis showed thatthe population was in disequilibrium mode，which indicated that artificial selectionhad a great effect on the population．The average fixation index (FIS) was-0.026indicated that heterozygote excess existed in the population. Bottleneck analysisillustrated that the population has experienced bottleneck effect recently． Theeffective population size was31.2with linkage disequilibrium method． The study illustrated that the variety has rich genetic diversity. In order to avoid or reduce thebottlenecks in the next reservation job, protection work should be strengthened, so asto maintain its rich diversity and economic traits.Here, to evaluate the genetic diversities and relationships in two scattered mirrorcarp population sampled from Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute (SP)and Yangtze river fisheries research institute (CJ)respectively,20polymorphismmicrosatellite markers were used．The estimates of genetic variability showed that atotal of148alleles were detected with average of7.4at each locus. The number ofeffective alleles in this two populations were3.1126and2.3890respectively, and theaverage is2.7508; The expected heterozygosity (He) were0.6479and0.5426, and theaverage is0.5929; polymorphic information content (PIC) were0.5948and0.467,and the average is0.5359. The results indicated rich polymorphism informationcontent and large genetic diversity in the two populations. Hardy-weinbergequilibrium analysis showed that the two populations were in disequilibrium mode.The genetic distance between the two populations is0.5625and the genetic similarityindex is0．4375．Individual clustering showed that all SP individuals converged in theright branch of topology tree，and the30individuals of CJ population converged inthe left branch．The values of pairwise and gene flow(Nm)were also estimated for thetwo populations．The value of pairwise Fst is0.1138，Nm is1.9462，indicating SPand CJ populations have a moderate level of differentiation and little gene exchangebetween them．But Nm happened in the past.Disease group and not the transcriptome sequencing depth have significantlydifferentially expressed genes: compared with healthy fish，the number of genesexpressed differently was4488between mild disease group and healthy group, theup-regulated genes were1162and down-regulated genes were3326among them. Thenumber of genes expressed differently was5411between moderate disease group andhealthy group, the up-regulated genes were965and down-regulated genes were4446among them. The number of genes expressed differently was4954between seriousdisease group and healthy group, the up-regulated genes were1375anddown-regulated genes were3579among them. Among them, the most number ofgenes expressed differently existed between moderate disease group and healthygroup,but the number of up-regulated genes are minimum.15significant differencesrelated to the immune signaling pathways have been got, based on the disease groupand not disease group expression spectrum analysis. They are Amoebiasis、Jak-STAT signaling pathway、B cell receptor signaling pathway、Chemokine signaling pathway、Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis、Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity、Toxoplasmosis、Lysosome、Shigellosis、Pathways in cancer、Adherents junction、Chronic myeloid leukemia、Measles Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum，Antigen processing and presentation. By fluorescence quantitative PCR test sixsignificant signaling pathways, the results are significant difference. The SNP markersassociated with the disease resistance were miningde for3214from the transcriptionlevel at the same time.