Research On Structure Mining Soil Macro-faunas In Different Vegetation Configuration

Soil macro-fauna plays an important role in improving soil structure, regulating nutrient cycling and strengthen the function of litter decomposition and ecological directives. Soil macro-fauna is an important indicator in mine ecological restoration and reconstruction. In order to reveal the characteristics of community structure of soil macro-fauna identify indicative species and explore the intrinsic relationship between soil animals and environmental factors, this paper selects pingshuo opencast mine for the study area. The research method is based on the combining research methods of field investigation sampling, fixed point dynamic observation and laboratory experiment tests, in August 2015, selecting 12 to study the soil macrofauna. Analysis of the different vegetation configurations macro-fauna community structure and dynamics, similarity of soil fauna, as well as different reclamation year succession rules for l soil macro-fauna, and analysis of correlation between soil fauna and soil physical and chemical properties. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Study area 12 plots total of 503 soil macro-fauna been received, which belong to 2 phylum, 5 classes, 14 orders, 47 families. In this area, the dominant groups of soil animals were 2 sorts, accounting for 37.77% of the total, and the common groups of soil animals were 15 sorts, occupying 50.10% of the total, and the rare groups of soil animals were 30 sorts, making up 12.13% of the total. The soil macro-fauna guilds can be divided into four function class groups which are predatory, omnivorous,phytophage, saprophagous, on the vertical distribution, apart from the omnivore, other groups have obvious form of clustering.(2) In the mining area of different vegetation in the configuration mode, in addition to density the biodiversity index showed: shrub forest > arbor and shrub >farmland > pasture > arbor forest. From the vertical distribution structure, individuals accounted for 0-5cm soil animals: arbor forest > farmland > arbor and shrub >pasture > shrub forest.(3) With different reclamation years on community structure of soil macrofauna studies show that, as the reclamation time lengthening, the structure of soil fauna inrestoration ecosystem becomes more sophisticated. With the succession continues,Slope soil animals increase in space is smaller than the platform.(4) Through similarity and cluster analysis results found: soil animal communities have a low similarity in pingshuo coal mine. Soil animal communities has not developed to a degree of stability, it is still at the stage of secondary succession. Ant species abound, that is located in the loess plateau ecosystem environment in pingshuo more drought. Predator Araneae, Coleoptera, beetles occupied a high percentage also illustrates the environment in mining areas of instability. Ant species abound showed that ecosystem environment more droughts in pingshuo that is located in the loess plateau. Stylommatophora are a strong indication of organic matter,carabidae and tenebrionidae suited to survive in arable and grassland.(5) Study on soil animal and the relationship between environmental factors, the results showed that: the influence of environmental factors on soil macro-fauna density greater than the impact on groups. From the perspective of overall, correlation between environmental factors and soil animals order is: organic >pH > moisture >density.