| Abstract:Struthio camelus are belong to the Chordata, Aves, Struthioniforme, Struthionidae, Struthio and Struthio camelus. They are one of the biggest birds and also only have two toes in the world. The feather, leather, meat, eggs and so on all have high economic value. Struthio camelus grow fast, have strong fertility and high disease resistance. At the same time, they are also easy raise. Bursa of Fabricius is central immune organs in birds. The differentiation and maturation of B lymphocyte are in the bursa of Fabricius, which has a key role for the building of the early immune system in birds. The mammalian embryo liver and marrow are the place that B cells were developed in the embryonic period. After born, the marrow is the only place for the development of B cell. The Bursa of fabricius in Struthio camelus is gradually degenerated after 16-18 months. The differences of Bursa of fabricius in African ostrich and other birds are very big.The Bursa of fabricius of Struthio camelus and Gushi chicken were used as the object of study in this experiment. To study the anatomical and histological differences of Struthio camelus and Gushi chicken, paraffin section HE and immunohistochemical staining we applied. Then the lymphoid follicles in the entral wall, dorsal wall and cranial wall were compared by statistical analysis, in order to discussion the relationships between Structure and function. PAS staining, frozen section HE and Sudan Ⅲ staining were useed to study corticomedullar bordering epithelium cells of lymphoid follicles in Struthio camelus. And the ultrastructure of lymphatic follicles in the ostrich chicks was observed. The main results are as follows:1. The anatomical differences indicated that the bursa of Fabricius of Struthio camelus covered the dorsal wall of urodeum and coprodaeum, and the rounded fornix did not form a true sac and have no pedicle. Lymphoid follicles were visibly and densely distributed on the surface of mucosa and each lymphoid follicle attached to the trabecula and distributed singly, protruding to the cavity and forming a nodule. Lymphoid follicles were composed of a peripheral pars lymphoepithelialis (PLE) and a central pars lymphoreticularis (PLR). Corticomedullar bordering epithelium cells formed a layer between the PLE and the PLR. The mucosal epithelium of Struthio camelus was stratified columnar epithelium which translated to monolayer cells on the lymphoid follicles.2. The histclogical differences in the entral wall, dorsal wall and cranial wall of Struthio camelu; A single lymphoid follicle area of the ventral wall was bigger than that of the cranial and dorsal wall (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The number of lymphoid follicles in bursa of Fabricius of Struthio camelus:ventral wall< dorsal wall< cranial wall (P<0.01). The area of the PLE of a single lymphoid follicle in the dorsal wall was bigger than that of cranial wall (P<0.05).3. The resadt of PAS、frozen section HE and Sudan Ⅲ staining:It was found that cytoplasm in the corticomedullar bordering epithelium cell was negative both under PAS and frozen section. Sudan Ⅲ staining. However, It was stained in pink under frozen section HE staining. Conclusion:A protein, which can be dissolved in organic solvents, was in the cytoplasm.4. The result of the transmission electron microscopy showed that mucosa epithelium in the inter-lymphoid follicles of Struthio camelus were epithelium and had short and irregular microvilli. While, lymphoid follicles surface had no microvilli and were smooth and flat. The cells between a peripheral pars lymphoepithelialis (PLE) and a central pars lymphoreticularis (PLR), had long and slender reticuloepithelial cells that can be distinguished from the lymphocytes by desmosomes und tonofilaments. |
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