| Porcine Parvovirus (PPV) is one of the major pathogens responsible for reproductive failure of pregnant sows. After infecting primiparous pregnant sows and then invaded embryonic or fetal placenta, causing sow abortion, fetal death, fetal malformation and the mummy. Recently, these diseases become endemic in many pig-producing countries, with a majority of herds being persistently infected for several years, which resulted in critical economic losses to swine industry. Many strategies aimed to control and eradicate PPV have not always been effective, the vaccine is an effective tool for controlling of this disease. PPV live attenuated vaccine may revert to a pathogenic strain, so inactivated vaccines are the most common type of PPV vaccines used in animals, but inactivated PPV vaccines have deficiencies of specific cellular immune efficacy and failure to increase immunogenicity of weak antigen, and cannot effectively control and prevent PPV through humoral immunity. Therefore, to enhance cellular immune responses of PPV inactivated vaccines is the key to effectively control this disease.In this study, three adjuvants were selected as immunoregulationer, the effect of them synergy PPV oil emulsion vaccines on sera antibody tiers, T-lymphocyte proliferation and sera secreting IFN-y, IL-6 and IL-4 were compared with PPV oil emulsion vaccines in BALB/c mice and pigs. The purpose is to offer the theory basis for developing them as immunopotentiators. We carried out the following studies:1.The mice or pigs were injected with PPV inactivated oil-emulsion vaccine with or without porcine transfer factor(TF), blood samples were taken weekly after vaccination. The antibody titers and sera secreting IFN-y, IL-6 and T-lymphocyte content were also measured by ELISA and FCM. The result showed that TF synergy inactivated PPV oil emulsion vaccine groups could enhance IFN-y and a few IL-6 secretion of serum, also the number of CD3+,CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes subpopulations were higher than the inactivated vaccine control groups. However, there was unexpectedly little difference in antibody titers between TF synergy inactivated vaccine and the inactivated groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that TF possess better cellular immune enhancement capability and would be exploited into an effective immune-adjuvant for inactivated vaccines.2. The mice or pigs were injected with PPV inactivated oil-emulsion vaccine with or without the porcine interleukin 18, blood samples were taken weekly after vaccination. The antibody titers and sera secreting IFN-γ, IL-6 and T-lymphocyte content were also measured by ELISA and FCM. The result showed that IL-18 synergy inactivated PPV oil emulsion vaccine groups could enhance the antibody titers, also the number of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes subpopulations, as well as IL-6、IL-4 and IFN-γ secretion of serum, especially the IFN-γ secretion, were higher than the inactivated vaccine control groups. In conclusion, these results suggest that IL-18 possess humoral and cellular immune enhancement capability and would be exploited into an effective immune-adjuvant for inactivated vaccines.3. The mice or pigs were injected with PPV inactivated oil-emulsion vaccine with or without the water-soluble yeast glucan, blood samples were taken weekly after vaccination. The antibody titers and sera secreting IFN-γ, IL-6 and T-lymphocyte content were also measured by ELISA and FCM. The result showed that the water-soluble yeast glucan synergy inactivated PPV oil emulsion vaccine groups could enhance the number of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes subpopulations, as well as IL-6、IL-4 and IFN-γ secretion of serum, especially the IL-4 secretion, were higher than the inactivated vaccine control groups, However, there was unexpectedly little difference in antibody titers. In conclusion, these results suggest that water-soluble yeast glucan possess humoral and cellular immune enhancement capability and would be exploited into an effective immune-adjuvant for inactivated vaccines. |
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