| In this experiment, by adding different sources and dosage of fats to dietary of piglets, we were conducted to study the effect of different source and dosage dietary fats on growth performance, serum lipid indicators and liver cholesterol metabolism related enzyme activity and gene expression of piglets. In order to research the consistency of the effect of fats on newborn animals, we were added different sources and dosage of fats to dietary of mice, to study the effect of different source and dosage dietary fats on growth performance, health status, serum lipid index and liver cholesterol metabolism related gene expression of mice.In this experiment we selected twenty nest newborn piglets whose initial body weight were no significantly different, randomly divided into five test groups which labeled to T1-T5, respectively. We treat T1 as the control group and the rest is treatment group. Each group have 4 nests and 8 piglets in each nest at least. Piglets weaned at 21 days of age, the test is divided into two periods, piglet’s age of the first period was 7-12 days, and that of the second period was 21-35 days. In the first period, T1 and T5 provides creep feed, T2 and T4 add 4% creep feed partner to the basis of creep feed, T3 adds 8% creep feed partner to the basis of creep feed. In the second period, T1 provides creep feed, T2 adds 4% emulsified coconut powder to the basis of creep feed, T3 adds 8% emulsified coconut powder to the basis of creep feed, T4 and T5 add 4% bean oil to the basis of creep feed. All piglets are freedom to gather food and drink during the whole test period. This experiment is divided into the following two parts:1 Effect of Dietary Fat Source and Dosage on Growth Performance and Serum Lipid Index of PigletsThis experiment is to study the effect of different sourse and doses of fats on growth performance and serum lipid index of piglet. The results indicated that body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed gain ratio were have no statistical difference (P>0.05), but from the numerical point of view, compared with T1, feed intake of piglets has different degrees of decline of treatment group. By adding different doses of creep feed partner, there are no difference between treatment group and control group in piglets serum lipid index. Compared with T1,8% emulsified coconut powder was significantly improved the piglets serum total cholesterol (P<0.05), TG and HDL-C of serum has an obvious rising trend. Low doses of emulsified coconut powder and bean oil added didnot changed the piglets’ serum lipid index.2 Effect of Dietary Fat Source and Dosage on Liver Cholesterol Metabolism Related Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression of PigletThis experiment was conducted to study the effect of different source and dosage dietary fats on liver cholesterol metabolism related enzyme activity of Acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase (ACAT),3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) and cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) of piglet. The expression of mRNA of 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR), cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in liver were determined by real time PCR. The results indicated that liver cholesterol metabolism related enzymes activity of ACAT, HMGCR and CYP7A1 were have no statistical difference (P>0.05). From the numerical point of view, compared with T1 and T2, enzymes activity of HMGCR of 8% emulsified coconut powder has improved 24.04% and 16.88%(P>>0.05). Compared with T1, liver CYP7A1 mRNA expression level of 8% emulsified coconut powder diet was lower 10%(P>0.05). The expression of mRNA of LDLR of T2 and T3 were lower than the control group by 19% and 6%(P>0.05), and T4 and T5 were lower than the control group by 11% and 10%(P>0.05). The expression of mRNA of HMGCR of T3 and T4 were higher than the control group by 33% andl2% (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of mRNA of CYP7A1, LDLR and HMGCR of each treatment group were have no statistical difference(P>0.05).In this experiment we selected forty-eight 3-week-old healthy KM mice whose body weights were 16-19g, randomly divided into four groups, feed with different diets for fourteen days:normal diet (control group); 4% bean oil diet (group B); 4% emulsified coconut powder diet (group L); 8% emulsified coconut powder diet (group H). Body weights and average daily feed intake (ADFI), the average daily gain (ADG), feed gain ratio (F/G), blood distribution, health index and liver weight of mice were measured. The concentrations of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in serum were determined. The experiment is divided into the following two parts:1 Effect of Dietary Fat Sources and Dosage on Growth Performance, Health Status and Serum Lipid Index of MiceThis experiment was conducted to study the effect of different source and dosage dietary fats on growth performance, health status, serum lipid indicators of mice. Results: Growth performance:Fat can increase the body weight of mice, in which the change of body weight was significantly different between 4% bean oil diet and control group (P<0.05).4% bean oil diet and 8% emulsified coconut powder diet were significantly increased the ADFI of mice (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, liver weight and liver index of mice were significantly increased in the group of 4% bean oil diet (P<0.05). Health status:There was no difference in blood distribution and health index between experiment group and control group (P>0.05), but 8% emulsified coconut powder tend to improve the health index of mice. Serum lipid index:TC and HDL-C in the serum significantly decreased in 4% bean oil group (P<0.05), serum TC decreased significantly in 8% emulsified coconut powder group (P<0.05).2 Effect of Dietary Fat Sources and Dosage on Liver Cholesterol Metabolism Related Gene Expression of MiceThis experiment was conducted to study the effect of different source and dosage dietary fats on liver cholesterol metabolism related gene expression of mice. Results:The expression of mRNA of CYP7A1 was significantly different between 8% emulsified coconut powder diet and control group (P<0.05). Added 8% emulsified coconut powder diet liver LDLR mRNA expression level than added 4% bean oil diet and added 4% emulsified coconut powder diet, respectively, an increase of 126.61% and 148.15% (P>0.05). The expression of mRNA of HMGCR of added 4% bean oil diet and added 8% emulsified coconut powder diet were higher than the control group by 57% and 66% (P>0.05). The expression of mRNA of HMGCR and LDLR were no significant difference between experimental groups and control group (P>0.05). |
