Seedling Technique And Early Maturity And High Yield Cultivation Technique Of Taro

Taro is a perennial plant belonging to Colocasia of Araceae, which cultivated as annuals crop. The’hong xiang yu’is a native taro cultivar types with high nutrition value and good quality, and consumers alike. In recent years, the consumers need more taros, and require market to sell the taro ahead of time. Therefore, it becomes innovative purpose of cultivation technique to promote early maturity and increase yield of taro. The taro cultivar ’hong xiang yu’ was used as the test material to investigate the effects of key breeding factors on taro seedlings growth and corm yield, and the growth characteristics, corm yield and early maturity of taro in different cultivation patterns, and canopy characteristics, photosynthetic parameter, yield and quality characteristics of taro in different influences of nutrient area and plant-row spacing allocation. The main results were as follows:1. The substrate composition (peat:vermiculite=1:1) presented the highest water holding porosity ratio and the best water holding capacity. The taro seedling of substrate composition (peat:vermiculite=1:1) showed significantly higher plant height, plant dry weight and root activity when compared to other substrate composition. The emergence speed of taro seedling declined with the increase of organic fertilizer addition ratio. Five percent organic fertilizer addition ratio enhanced the root activity, total leaves area and biomass accumulation of taro seedling. With the increase of nutrition bowl volume, the plant height, root activity, total leaves area and dry matter accumulation increased. The taro seedling presented the most strong growth vigor was harvested the highest yield after transplanting. The taro seedling in the nutrition bowl volume of 1500 cm3 (diameter x height:12 x 13 cm) with compound substrate (peat:vermiculite=1:1) and five percent organic fertilizer addition ratio will present the strong growth vigor and high corm yield, which will be applied in taro seedling cultivation.2. Plastic film mulching could increased temperature and moisture content of soil, and promoted the growth of taro. The taro in the cultivation mode of transplanting seedling with plastic film mulching showed the highest plant height and the biggest leaf area, and had the highest net photosynthetic rate. Compared with the cultivation mode of sowing, the three cultivation modes of sowing with plastic film mulching, transplanting seedling and transplanting seedling with plastic film mulching could promote early maturity and increase yield of taro. The taro in the cultivation mode of transplanting seedling with plastic film mulching showed the earliest maturity and the highest yield. In late September and early October, the economic benefit of taro corm from high to low is cultivation mode of transplanting seedling with plastic film mulching, cultivation mode of sowing with plastic film mulching, cultivation mode of transplanting seedling and cultivation mode of sowing. The transplanting seedling with plastic film mulching is the best cultivation mode to achieve early maturity, high yield and the best economic benefit of taro.3. The taro with small nutrient area showed higher plant height and smaller leaf extended space. Under the condition of the nutrient area of 0.165m2 and 0.220m2, the transmittance rate of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) with row spacing of "70 +40 cm" was significantly higher than that with row spacing of "80+30 cm", but the interception rate of PAR showed the opposite trend. The taro with the plant spacing of 30 cm showed the highest leaf area index and interception rate of PAR, but the lowest transmittance rate of PAR and net photosynthetic rate, and had the least yield and bad quality. The taro with the plant spacing of 35 cm had high net photosynthetic rate and showed the highest yield and best quality of corm. Different wide and narrow row spacing treatments had no effect on the yield and quality of taro under the condition of the plant spacing of 30 cm. But the wide row spacing was good for farming. The configuration mode with the plant spacing of 35 cm and row spacing of "80+30 cm" was beneficial of the management and reaching high yield and good quality on taro cultivation.