| Gymnocypris eckloni Herzenstein is an endemic cyprinidae fish which belongs to schizothoracinae. It is an important commercial cold-water fish. Studies on fish blood can not only enrich the basic theory of fish blood, pathology, immunology, and can be used to guide the production of fish culture. However, the blood of G. eckloni is currently unknown. The characterization of hematological parameters and morphological parameters of the peripheral blood cells of cultured G. eckloni (26♂: 22♀) were studied by blood physiological methods, light and electron microscopy techniques and cytochemical staining. Results are as follow:1. Haematological parameters:erythrocyte counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit and mean corpuscular haemoglobin in females were significantly lower than those in males (p<0.05 or p<0.01), while no significant differences existed in white blood cell counts, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean cell haemoglobin concentration in relation with gender (p>0.05).2. Microscopic structure of peripheral blood cells:under light microscope, erythrocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes and thrombocytes were distinguished. In addition to mature erythrocytes, immature and dividing erythrocytes were observed. Among leucocytes, eosinophil was the largest in size and small lymphocyte the smallest. Lymphocyte was the most in number and eosinophil the least. There were small pink or light blue granules in the cytoplasm of neutrophils. The cytoplasm of eosinophil was full of large, purple granules. Lymphocytes with some villuslike processes were classified into small and large ones. Some vacuoles were often seen in the cytoplasm of monocytes. Thrombocytes presented various morphologies. The differential cell counts and blood cell sizes were not significant different between male and female fish (p>0.05), and no changes in blood cell morphology were seen between two genders.3. Ultrastructure structure of peripheral blood cells:under transmission electron microscope, most mature erythrocytes were almost completely devoid of organelles, except for some vacuoles, while a few mature erythrocytes contained some mitochondria and golgi complex. In comparison to the mature erythrocytes, the immture ones possessed more mitochondria. Neutrophils exhibited one type of granules containing an eccentric, spherical or oval electron-dense core. Eosinophils presented two types of round granules with non-uniform electronic density. Lymphocytes contained heavily clumped heterochromatic nucleus and minimal cytoplasm. Monocytes were characterized by a prominent, eccentric, kidney-shaped nucleus and possessed rich mitochondria. Thrombocytes contained many cytoplasmic vacuoles and canalicular systems. Plasma cell contained many rough endoplasmic reticulums. No changes in the morphology of blood cell were seen between two genders.4. Cytochemical characteristics of the peripheral blood:neutrophils and monocytes presented PAS, PER, NAE and ACP positive reaction. Lymphocytes and thrombocytes showed PAS and NAE positive reaction. Eosinophils were positive for PAS-. NAE and ACP reaction. All kinds of blood cells were negative for AKP and SBB reaction. No changes in the cytochemical characteristics of blood cell were seen between two genders.Conclusion:the characterization of hematological and morphological parameters of peripheral blood cells of cultured G. eckloni were similar to those of other fish such as Schizothorax prenanti, but there were some differences in the types and morphological characteristics of granulocytes as well as the differential leucocyte counts and cytochemical characteristics compared with other fish. |
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