| Ardisia crenata Sims which belongs to Myrsinaceae, is a traditional Chinese medicinal and ornamental plat. The secondary metabolites three triterpenoid saponins which is produced at the root of the plant. Ardisia crenata Sims possesses a high ornamental and medicinal value, also, there is a great development potential and broad prospects in the market. In this study, we tested the seed germination of Ardisia crenata with different hormones, and the physiological indicators during the germination were also measured. In addition, taking the main chemical components with activity of three triterpenoid saponins as index, we studied the effects of exogenous nutrients on the secondary metabolites synthesis of three triterpenoid saponins. The results are showed that:1) The index which include the initial germination time, germination rate, germination potential and germination index were used to research the effects of different exogenous hormones and different solubility on the seed germination. The 40-50 mg-L-1 of GA3 promoted the seed germination of Ardisia crenata, and it was significantly higher than the control. Interestingly, it had an inhibitory effect when the solubility is more than 50 mg-L-1. ABT7 concentration has an inhibitory effect on the seed germination when the solubility is 10 mg-L-1, but 20-40mg-L-1 of ABT7 can promote it. The solubility of NAA was 10-15mg·L-1 has a promoting effect on seed germination of Ardisia crenata, however, when the solubility is more than 15mg-L-’can inhibit. In the 10 kinds of treatments, the solubility of 50mg·L-1 GA3 soaking is the best. Using this treatment, can advance initial germination time with 2d, the germination rate was 96.33%, the germination potential was 48%, germination index was 11.79. Comparing with the control, there is a high extremely significant level (P<0.01).2) The main effects of different exogenous hormones and different solubility on the seeds radical are listed as follows:GA3, ABT7, NAA has some promotive effects on seed germination of seeds radicle of Ardisia crenata. GA3 with 50mg-L-’solution treatment had the best effect, the radicle length was 18.01mm, which is higher extremely significant than the control (P<0.01). ABT7 with 10,20, 40 mg·L-1 solution treatment had the best effect, the radicle length were 19.01,25.21,30.03 mm respectively, which is also higher extremely significant than the control (P<0.01). NAA with 10 mg·L-1 solution treatment had the best effect, the radicle length was 13.01mm, which is also higher extremely significant than the control (P<0.01)3) During the seeds germination of Ardisia crenata, with the increasing of the seed germination and radical elongation, the seed moisture content increased. The content of soluble sugar content, content of soluble protein, content of starch decreased rapidly with the seed germination, to transform or synthesis of new materials. POD activity increased gradually with the seed germination. The activity of CAT increased first and then decreased. The activity of a- amylase showed an upward trend, the activity of β-amylase increased rapidly first and then decreased slowly. During the seed germination period, P-amylase plays a dominant role, and also, the activity of P-amylase was higher than that of a-amylase. In addition, the content of MDA decreased.4) Effect of large elements on the content of three triterpenoid saponins of Ardisia crenata are listed as follows:there are different effects on the secondary metabolites of three triterpenoid saponins of Ardisia crenata seedlings about the nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K). K showed the best effect level. When the concentration of K in the 195 mg·L-1, content of three terpene saponins of Ardisia crenata Sims reached a peak of 1.65%. N showed the secondary level, N with 70 mg·L-1, content of three terpene saponins of Ardisia crenata Sims reached a peak of 1.36%. P showed the lowest level, when the concentration of P in the 31mg·L-1, content of three terpene saponins of Ardisia crenata Sims reached a peak of 1.28%. N, P, K 3 nutrient elements are low solubility and promote the synthesis of three triterpenoid saponins, high concentration inhibited.5) Effect of rare earth elements on the content of three triterpenoid saponins of Ardisia crenata are listed as follows:In the four groups treatments of LaCl3, the content of three triterpenoid saponins are much higher than that of control, the content were 1.84%,2.08%,2.73%,2.08% respectively. |
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