| In recent decades, the world is in a period of significant climate change, while agriculture is one of the most vulnerable and sensitive to climate change. In the condiction of global warming, how to optimize the allocation of resources of arable land, agricultural reasonable layout and thus ensure national food security is a hotspot for land resources and agricul tural resources science. As China’s main rice crop, rice has a strong dependence on temperature and moisture, which is significant to find the rational allocation of paddy-planting.Sanjiang Plain is the worst place of heat, the most significant place of c limate warming, the most dramatic expansion of paddy field farming, the most important food production in Heilongjiang Province and the largest investment project of agricultural areas. Therefore, this paper focuses on Sanjiang Plain by consulting the experts we chose warm accmulated, rainfall, elevation, slope, topographic position, the thickness of topsoil, organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, silicon efficient, effective zinc, p H, irrigation and drainage affecting factors of 14, to arable land for the evaluation unit, in the Delphi comparison discriminating, take advantage of AHP method to determine the weight of evaluation factors, combined with fuzzy theory and the establishment of the membership function according to the characteristics of each evalu ation factor, limiting the use of factor method and ultimately determine the weighted index of paddy suitability level, and the results are overly analysed with dry and paddy fields, delineated areas and paddy fields suitable for development of existing paddy appropriate level and the limit factors. The main conclusions are as follows:(1) The suitability of each of paddy field in Sanjiang Plain area different, the number of suitable areas, marginally suitable area, suitable area and unsuitable high area i n descending order. The cultivated area of existing Sanjiang Plain 5.58 million hm2, among which the largest suitable area is 2.23 million hm2. Followed by marginally suitable and height appropriate area of 1.38 million hm2, and 1.38 million hm2 respectively, each accounted for 24.70 % and 23.28 % of the total arable land. In addition, unsuitable area is 0.59 million hm2.(2) All appropriate regional distribution of the Sanjiang Plain show significant spatial differences. High suitable areas are mainly located in Hulin, Fujin, Baoqing County, Fuyuan County, Mishan City, Huachuan County and other counties, including Hulin occupied the largest area of 264,700 hm2; followed by Fujin and Baoqing County, an area of 0.20 million hm2 and 0.18 million hm2 respectively; in Jidong County, Muling and Jixi City area, there are no high-profile suitable areas. Suitable areas distribute widely, in addition to Muling outside it is distributed to other areas. Among them, Fujin County has the largest suitable area for 0.34 mil lion hm2; followed by Baoqing and Fuyuan County, an area of 0.23 million hm2 and 0.21 million hm2 respectively; and Jidong County, and Jixi City area, the distribution area is relatively small. Marginally suitable area in Tongjiang City, Mishan City, Huanan County, Boli County and other counties are distributed widly and more dispersed, which Mishan holds the largest distribution area for 10.14 million hm2; followed by Tongjiang City, Huanan County, an area of 0.14 million hm2 and 0.12 million hm2 respectively. Unsuitable area distribution is more concentrated, mainly in Muling City, Tongjiang City and other counties, the largest area is Muling County which has 0.15 millon hm2, followed by Tongjiang City and Huanan County.(3) In the existing dry cultivated land of Sanjiang Plain, paddy fields suitable for the development of high, medium and suitable area are 1.71 million hm2, mainly in Baoqing, Hulin, Fuyuan County, Fujin and Jixian territory. Among them, Baoqing County posseses the largest proportion, an area of 0.29 million hm2; followed by Fujin and Hulin City. The areas with suitable light and heat conditions, abundant water and land resources, suitable for the development and establishment of paddy clusters.(4) Among paddy fields in the Sanjiang Plain, highly suitable paddy field areas are 0.85 million hm2, accounting for 38.58% of the total area of paddy field. Mainly in Tangyuan County, Huachuan County, Hulin County, Fujin County and other counties. Among them, Fujin, Hulin suitable(high, medium appropriate) paddy field areas are large, respectively, 0.34 million hm2 and 0.29 million hm2. followed by Fuyuan County, Tongjiang City and Suibin Xian, suitable paddy field area are 0.20 million hm2, 0.16 million hm2 and 0.12 million hm2. Moreover, in the conventional paddy fields, there are some areas suitable for rice cultivation, mainly in Tongjiang City and Muling City, low accumulated temperature, inadequate irrigation and drainage facilities are the major factor limiting rice cultivation, some areas with poor solid nutrient conditions and low solid pH restrict the development of regional paddy field.In summary, this paper focuses on Sanjiang Plain actual situation, suggesting be mading efforts to optimize the spatial layout of paddy fields, develop suita ble areas for the development of paddy field, adjust the inappropriate planting structure of paddy field area, aim at the limiting factors of the existing paddy fields, enhance the suitable level of paddy fields, improve farmland infrastructure construction, improve farmland irrigation and drainage capacity, efficiently and reasonable distribute water and land resources, and enhance the ecological sustainability and promote the sustainable development of modern agriculture. |
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