| The nutritional and medical value of blue honeysuckle(Lonicera cearulea L.) which is international and newly arisen a small berry can be matched with blueberry. There are abundant of wild resources in Daxing’an and Xiaoxing’an Mountains, Changbaishan Mountains, Gongliu in Xinjiang and Yili Valley in China. Blue honeysuckle is a rare and economic tree species in cold area because of its high cold resistance, wide adaptability and easy to plant. But blue honeysuckle fruit ripes early, softens easily after maturation and breaks easily when harvesting because of thin skin, leading to poor storability, short shelf-life, those give the production to bring great inconvenience in the actual production and hinder seriously the healthy and sustainable development of blue honeysuckle industry.The experiment was conducted at the Blue Honeysuckle Germplasm Resources Garden of Northeast Agricultural University and Small berry Germplasm Resources Laboratory from 2014 to 2016. Harded ?Berel‘ and thin ?Changbaishan-1‘ were used for experimental materials. The dynamic changes of fruit, cell wall inclusions, cell wall materials, cell wall modified enzymes and endogenous hormones were determinated for studying the physiological mechanism of ripening and softening in blue honeysuckle, in order to provide scientific basis for revealing the mechanism of ripening and softening and promote the healthy development of industry in blue honeysuckle fruit.The main results showed as follows:(1) The growth curve of blue honeysuckle fruit was non-obvious and double ―S‖ which was ―quickly-slowly-quickly‖ before softening and the growth laws of different varirties(strains) were differences. The development time of ?Berel‘ was more than 6 days in ?Changbaishan-1‘at the first fast developing period and it was opposite at the second fast developing period.(2) The change curve of respiration rate was double peaks and ETH was signle peak. The time of ETH peak was same with the first peak of respiration rate(turing stage) and the second peak of respiration rate appeared at later stage of ripening. It was preliminary think that blue honeysuckle might belong to respiration rising in late in non-climacteric fruit, but it needed further study to verify.(3) The changes of the soluble solids, soluble sugar and total sugar content were not significant during early stage of development, rised quickly at turing stage(at 36 day after bloom). The trend of titratable acid content increased at first and then decreased, ?Berel‘ and ?Changbaishan-1‘ reached the highest values at 39 and 36 day after bloom, respectively. The soluble solids, soluble sugar and total sugar were related closely with ripening and softening in blue honeysuckle fruit and the relationship was great significantly positive correlation. The relationship was great significantly negative correlation between titratable acid and ripening and softening in ?changbaishan-1‘ fruit, but it did not found in ?Berel‘.(4) Endogenous hormones GA3, IAA and ABA showed decreaed-increased-decreaed curves. As for the second peak, GA3 and IAA in ?Changbaishan-1‘ were early 6 days than that in ?Berel‘ and ABA appeared at the same day. The change curves of ETH and ZT were increased at first and then decreased in two strains,the peaks of ?Changbaishan-1‘ were early 6 days than in ?Berel‘. The role of ABA and ETH were important and IAA was close releated with ripening and softening in ?Changbaishan-1‘ fruit.(5) The content of CSP and CO3-SP were higher than WSP content during early stage of development, the content of WSP rised as ripening of blue honeysuckle fruit and was higher than that CSP and CO3-SP at softening stage. WSP and CO3-SP were close releated with ripening and softening of two blue honeysuckle fruit, but CSP was only releated with ?Berel‘. The content of cellulose and hemicellulose showed ―increased-decreased‖ and the decline rate in ?Berel‘ was lower than that in ?Changbaishan-1‘, it might the reason that due to the firmness in ?Berel‘ was higher than and that in ?Changbaishan-1‘.(6) The changes of PME, PG and EGase activities rised at first and then decreased, the times of peaks were different. For enzyme, the peak of PME was early 3 days than PG and EGase. For strains, the peaks of three enzymes in ?Changbaishan-1‘ were early 3 days than that in ?Berel‘. The activity of β-Gal was much higher than PME, PG, EGase and β-galactosidase enzymes in ?Berel‘ and ?Changbaishan-1‘ during early development, and it played a leading role during ripening and softening in ?Changbaishan-1‘ according to the correlation between β-Gal enzyme and cell wall material. |
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