Study On The Relationship Between Physical And Chemical Characters And Seed Vigor Of Maize Seeds

In this experiment,154 seed samples of 144 maize varieties popularized in Northeast China were selected and collected.According to the morphological structure was divided into three categories, respectively in the field germination rate and germination rate at low temperature as the standard, the correlation analysis of each index and seed vigor.The relationship between physical and chemical characters and seed vigor of maize seeds were expounded, provided basis for the selection and breeding of maize varieties. The main results were as follows:1. This test standard mean germination rate was 96.4%, the coefficient of variation was 4.2%, indicating a good representative sample of the seeds.Seed viability was estimated using low temperature germination and field emergence rate, the seed vigor of dent maize was higher and stable. High vigor varieties were Qiangsheng 12-1, Danyu 606 and Liaodan 1211.2.The three types of maize seeds, the content of chemical components respectively and low germination rate and field emergence rate correlation analysis. The results showed that the semi dent maize seed protein content and germination rate at low temperature was extremely significant positive correlation. The overall protein content of maize seeds and germination rate at low temperature was positively correlated. In this experiment, with the increase of protein content, semi dent and general maize seed activity increased gradually, and vitality of the former was more closely related to dent maize seed fat content and field emergence was extremely significant positive correlation, and the low temperature germination rate was significantly positively correlated. Therefore, in this experiment, with the increase of the fat content, the vitality of dent maize seeds increased gradually, relationship between highly, in the test of seed maize starch content and low temperature germination rate, the seedling emergence rate of correlation were not significant that cannot pass through the starch content of judgment of seed vigor level.3.The physical properties of three types of maize seeds respectively and low germination rate and field emergence rate correlation analysis. The results showed that: the durum maize seed 100 seed weight and low temperature germination rate was significantly negative correlation. In this experiment, with the increase of 100 seed weight, durum maize seed vigor decreased gradually.The bulk density of semi dent type maize seed germination rate at low temperature and very significant positive correlation. The bulk density of maize seeds was significantly positively correlated with the low temperature germination rate. In this experiment, with the increase of bulk density, the vigor of the durum and the whole maize seed gradually increased, and the relationship between them was close.In this experiment, the proportion of maize seeds and low temperature germination rate, the rate of field emergence rate were not significant, it can not determine the level of seed vigor through specific gravity.The low temperature germination rate of the durum and the whole maize seed was significantly positively correlated with the seed bulk density, and negatively correlated with the porosity. In this experiment, with the increase of the density of the seed, the vigor of the durum and the total maize seed increased gradually, and the porosity was the contrary.4.According to the actual situation of low germination rate and field emergence rate, respectively, maize seed was divided into difference analysis of chemical composition and physical properties of high, medium and low three activity level, The results showed that the germination rate at low temperature test:high vitality and vigor of maize seed protein content was significantly higher than that of maize seed with low vigor. The bulk density of high vigor maize was significantly higher than that of medium vigor and low vigor maize seed. In the field experiment,the fat content of high vigor maize seed was significantly lower than that of medium vigor seed.