The Preliminary Study Of The Characteristics Of The Acer Pollen Of In Shenyang Area

This study investigated the pollen viability and storage capacity of Acer trubrum L, Acer truncatum Bunge, Acer truncatum Marsh and Acer negundo’Aurea’which were extracted in Shenyang. The pollens were cultured in vitro at different concentrations of sucrose, boric acid concentration and different temperature in order to find out the best condition of pollen germination. Then the pollens were dried at different degree for storage. After the ultra-low temperature storage,the pollens were thawed in different ways in order to investigate the influence of different storage condition on pollen viability. Thus, it could provide the empirical evidence for developing the Acer genus breeding in the future. The results are as following:1. The pollen of Acer trubrum L. and Acer truncatum Bunge were single pollen, oblate spherical, with bilateral symmetry. The diameter is about 20.07μm, the long diameter is about 44.75μm and the vertical and horizontal diameter is 2.2 with three germinal furrows, which were evenly distributed on the polar axis. The outer wall was shown in wavy and surface ornamentation was stripe-pit ornamentation. Acer truncatum Bunge’s diameter is about 22.02μm, the long diameter is about 46.53μm and the vertical and horizontal diameter is 2.1 with three germinal furrows, which were evenly distributed on the polar axis. The germination groove width is about 1.16μm. The outer wall was shown in wavy and surface ornamentation was stripe-pit ornamentation.The pollen of Acer truncatum Marsh and Acer negundo’Aurea’were single pollen, oblate spherical. The diameter and long diameter were similar with three germinal furrows. The diameter is about 19.00μm and the long diameter is about 38.785μm. The surface ornamentation was wave-pit ornamentation but the Acer negundo’Aurea’s were deeper.2. The sucrose and boric acid concentration had big influence on the pollen viability. At the conditions of concentration of 20% sucrose and 0.03% boric acid concentration, the pollen germination rate of Acer trubrum L. and Acer truncatum Bunge were highest. They were 66.77% and 52.66%. At the conditions of concentration of 15% sucrose and 0.03% boric acid concentration, the pollen germination rate of Acer saccharum Marsh was 43.22%. The pollen germination rate was the highest when cultured at 15℃ and the pollen tube grew the best. The best observation period Acer trubrum L, Acer truncatum Bunge, and Acer truncatum Marsh of were 12 hours,6-8 hours and 6 hours.With the increasing of the concentration of CaCl2, the pollen germination rate varied from high to low. All these three pollen germination rate was the highest when the concentration of CaCl2 is 200mg/L.3. Ultra-low temperature storage is more conducive to the preservation of pollen viability. Stored the fresh red maple Acer truncatum and pollen at low temperature (-20 ℃) and ultra-low temperature (-80℃) conditions. After 150d cryopreservation pollen germination rate was 27.45% and 23.39%, respectively. The pollen germination rate of ultra-low temperature storage of was 35.33% and 28.33%, respectively. The pollen was storage better at ultra-low temperature storage than cryopreservation.4. The moisture content had big influence on pollen cryopreservation. When the moisture content of Acer trubrum L and Acer truncatum Bunge was controlled at 17% to 23% and placed the pollens in -80 ℃ for storage, it could decrease the loss of pollen viability to get the best outcome.5. The Available water could be used to flush defrost may be adopted to slowly warm in stages for keeping the pollen viability of the cryopreservation of pollen of Acer trubrum L and Acer truncatum Bunge.